在急性SIV感染和在ART启动的持久性OXPHOS期间,在CD4+T细胞中IFN驱动的脂质合成停止
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|February 23, 2026
概括
艾滋病毒/SIV感染改变CD4+T细胞代谢,通过干扰素反应关闭脂肪酸合成. 开始抗逆转录病毒疗法大致抑制新陈代谢,但线粒体功能仍然存在,提供潜在的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 代谢学 代谢学 代谢学
背景情况:
- 细胞代谢极大地影响HIV/SIV复制和病毒储库的建立.
- 在HIV/SIV感染期间和在开始抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ARTi) 时,CD4+ T细胞的代谢重编程在体内尚不清楚.
- CD4+ T 细胞是艾滋病毒感染的主要细胞标.
研究的目的:
- 在SIV感染和ARTi期间全面描述CD4+T细胞的代谢重塑.
- 研究I型干扰素 (IFN-I) 反应对代谢变化的作用.
- 探索针对抗病毒和免疫调节策略的代谢途径的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在体内研究中使用了SIVmac239模型.
- 综合多组学方法:单细胞代谢分析 (MIST),转录组学和脂组学.
- 采用基因组规模的代谢建模和功能测试来分析代谢途径.
主要成果:
- 在峰值病毒病时,CD4+ T细胞显示de novo脂肪酸 (FA) 合成被抑制,由ACC1下调和减少膜脂含量表明.
- 鉴定出I型干扰素 (IFN-I) 反应是FA合成停止的驱动因素,IFN-I足以抑制ACC1在体外.
- 药物抑制FA合成通过减少HIV复制和增强T细胞激活来显示直接的抗病毒作用.
- 在ARTi之后,代谢途径通常被抑制,但线粒体氧化酸化 (OXPHOS) 仍然升高.
结论:
- 由IFN驱动的FA合成关闭是早期HIV/SIV感染的关键代谢特征.
- 持续升高的OXPHOS后ARTi在治疗开始期间的代谢状态的特征.
- 针对FA合成和OXPHOS途径可能提供新的策略来限制病毒复制和水库形成.
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