相关实验视频

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness

Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness

Published on: December 6, 2024

大型语言模型在眼科领域有多先进? 对它们的发展,评估和临床使用准备情况进行系统审查

Hyunjae Kim, Yu Yin, Zhiyuan Cao

Research square

|February 23, 2026

概括

大型语言模型 (LLM) 正在改变眼科,但大多数研究都使用一般模型. 很少有LLM是眼科专用的,临床验证滞后,阻碍了现实世界的采用.

科学领域:

眼科医生眼科眼科
人工智能的人工智能
医疗信息学医疗信息学

背景情况:

大型语言模型 (LLM) 在眼科中越来越多地用于患者护理,文档和教育.
现有的评论往往以狭的焦点进行,使LLM在眼科发展和应用的整体景观被低估.
关于LLM开发,应用范围,评估和临床准备的关键问题仍然没有答案.

研究的目的:

系统地审查眼科中大型语言模型的风景.
将眼科用例分类,并评估LLM开发和验证策略的严格性.
识别LLM研究中的差距和趋势,以及它们为临床采用做好准备.

主要方法:

在2022年1月至2025年4月期间发表的主要数据库 (PubMed/PMC,Scopus,Embase) 的1029项研究进行了系统审查,确定了91篇相关文章.
开发了一个结构化的框架来分类用例,模型架构,培训数据,评估方法和资源可用性.
手动注释了使用27个结构变量的研究,并对新兴的LLMs进行了说明性评估.

主要成果:

大多数研究使用了一般专有LLM (例如,GPT-4,Gemini);<10%的研究采用了眼科特有的调整,只有4%的研究开发了眼科特有的架构.
结合成像数据的多式联络LLM研究不足 (23%的研究).
存在显著的翻译差距:57.1%使用了标准基准,但只有9.9%进行了追溯临床验证,只有两项研究进行了前性试点评估.
可复制性和透明度有限,只有5.5%发布代码,33%使用公共数据集.

结论:

目前,眼科LLM的发展在很大程度上依赖于具有有限的特定领域适应性和不充分的临床验证的一般模型.
需要更多的眼科专业的LLM开发,多式联络整合和使用真实世界的临床数据进行严格的验证.
解决可复制性,透明度和临床验证方面的差距对于在眼科实践中负责任地采用LLM至关重要.

更多相关视频

Application of Deep Learning-Based Medical Image Segmentation via Orbital Computed Tomography

Application of Deep Learning-Based Medical Image Segmentation via Orbital Computed Tomography

Published on: November 30, 2022

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2022

相关概念视频

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...