放射科医生与患者沟通中的大型语言模型:临床实践叙述审查
Jatin Naidu1,2, Hitesh Muthyala3, Sonia S Naidu4
1Radiology, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, GBR.
Cureus
|February 23, 2026
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 提高了放射学报告的可读性和翻译性. 然而,由于潜在的错误和理解差距,临床医生监督至关重要,限制了自主使用.
科学领域:
- 放射学和人工智能的人工智能
- 临床自然语言处理 临床自然语言处理
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 在放射学中为简化报告,翻译和患者沟通提供了潜力.
- 在放射学中LLM的临床价值和安全性仍然不确定,需要对当前证据进行全面审查.
研究的目的:
- 通过简化报告,翻译,患者教育和患者态度,综合临床医生在放射学中使用LLM的证据.
- 确定关键的证据差距,并为临床实践中负责任的LLM部署提供建议.
主要方法:
- 一个依据SANRA质量标准的叙述性评论.
- 综合了2020年至2025年间发表的49项研究的证据.
- 专注于临床医生介导的四个关键领域的LLM应用.
主要成果:
- LLM提高了2-6年级水平的报告可读性;患者的理解需要进一步研究.
- 在受控环境中,高达80%的输出需要专业审查;事实错误发生在0-10%之间.
- 翻译质量因语言资源而异,患者接受率高,临床医生明确监督.
结论:
- 在监督,机构主办的部署下,LLM对特定的放射学任务,如摘要和翻译草稿有希望.
- 目前没有证据支持自主LLM部署或直接患者自我使用.
- 需要对理解结果,工作流集成和现实世界的验证进行进一步的研究.
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