摩擦对比合并中的变量:来自泉州南明和普通话的证据
Caihong Weng1,2, Ioana Chitoran1,3, Alexander Martin2
1Laboratoire de linguistique formelle, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|February 23, 2026
概括
双语说话者可能会将普通话的声音如"s"和"sh"结合起来,原因是语言背景和年龄和性别等社会因素. 更高的普通话曝光与更清晰的声音区别相关.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 语音学 语音学 语音学
- 社会语言学 社会语言学
背景情况:
- 中国普通话的特点在于,气管 /s/ 和逆向变音 /ʂ/ 之间的音声对比.
- 双语语言学习可能会导致声学融合,特别是在第二语言 (L2) 学习中.
- 在双语说话者如何保持或合并L2声学对比度方面存在个体变化.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究普通话膜-逆向反射对比 (/s/ vs /ʂ/) 在双语泉州南方普通话说者的融合.
- 为了检查元音上下文 ([a]与[u]) 对这种语音对比的影响.
- 探讨语言因素 (L1/L2背景,元音背景) 和社会因素 (性别,年龄,L2暴露) 在语音对比产生的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 61名双语发言者的 /s/和 /ʂ/发音被本地普通话听众在感知识别任务中评估.
- 基于感知准确度,K-means集群分析将扬声器分类为"独特"或"合并".
- 对光谱重心 (CoG) 的声学分析测量了膜和逆摩擦之间的声学分离.
主要成果:
- 与普通话母语使用者相比,双语使用者在 /s/ 和 /ʂ/ 之间的声学分离 (CoG) 较少,特别是在 [u] 音符上下文.
- "独特"的双语表现出明显的CoG分离,而"合并"的双语表现出最小的声学差异化.
- 性别和年龄显著影响了对比制作,年轻的女性发言者 (更高的普通话接触) 展示了更具特色的制作.
结论:
- 双语普通话说者的声学对比变化受到语言和社会因素的动态相互作用的影响.
- 在L2暴露水平中介于年龄和性别对膜-逆向的对比度产生的影响.
- 在语音的获取和维护中的个人差异是由语言背景和社会融合形成的.
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