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在mRNA和腺病毒COVID-19疫苗接种后,髓状细胞中的剂量依赖IFN程序

Giray Eryilmaz¹, Yilmaz Yucehan Yazici¹, Radu Marches¹

¹The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.

|February 23, 2026

概括

在第一剂mRNACOVID-19疫苗接种后,在骨髓状细胞中发现了一种新的干扰素程序 (ISG-dim). 这种短暂的反应不同于在增强或腺病毒疫苗后观察到的强大的干扰素特征,影响疫苗优化.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学
分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

SARS-CoV-2 流行病提供了一个独特的机会,通过不同的疫苗平台来研究对新型病毒抗原的免疫反应.
没有先前的研究直接比较了所有三种FDA批准的COVID-19疫苗在单细胞多原子分辨率上的免疫反应.

研究的目的:

纵向分析和直接比较免疫反应与BNT162b2,mRNA-1273和Ad26.COV2.S疫苗的免疫反应.
阐明不同疫苗平台的免疫激活背后的独特分子机制.

主要方法:

在接种BNT162b2,mRNA-1273或Ad26.COV2.S疫苗后,对未经 SARS-CoV-2 感染的成年人 (n=31) 进行纵向分析.
血细胞因子,抗体标位和单细胞多原子数据 (DOGMA-Seq) 的整合.
用干扰素进行人体单细胞的体外刺激.

主要成果:

在第一个mRNA剂量后1-2天,在~10%的髓状细胞中发现了独特的,短暂的干扰素程序 (ISG-dim).
ISG-dim涉及ISGF3复合体激活,并且在转录/表观遗传上与强大的ISG-高程序在mRNA增强或Ad26.COV2.S.后不同.
单独的IFN-α在体外诱导了ISG-dim,而IFN-α和IFN-γ都需要ISG高.

结论:

在人类髓状细胞中定义了剂量依赖的干扰素编程.
突出了疫苗原始化和增强之间的机制差异.
这些发现对优化疫苗平台选择,剂量安排和配方有意义.

关键词:

在 COVID-19 疫情中,免疫学免疫学免疫学这是天生的免疫力.公共卫生公共卫生疫苗疫苗是一种疫苗.

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