在医疗补助受益者中儿童糖尿病的流行率
Hao Zhang1, Theodoros Giannouchos1, David Becker1
1Department of Health Policy and Organization, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham.
JAMA network open
|February 23, 2026
概括
从2016年到2021年,儿童糖尿病患病率在医疗补助和CHIP入学者中增加,而2型糖尿病的患病率显著增加. 这凸显了针对青少年糖尿病的有针对性的预防和管理策略的迫切需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科内分泌学 儿科内分泌学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 儿童糖尿病在美国是一个日益严重的公共卫生挑战,与终身并发症和重大成本有关.
- 在社会经济上处于风险的人群承担不成比例的负担,医疗补助和CHIP保险大多数这些年轻人.
- 关于儿科糖尿病患病率和医疗补助和CHIP人口中的趋势,国家数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定全国范围的估计和趋势1型糖尿病 (T1D) 和2型糖尿病 (T2D) 在医疗补助和CHIP儿科注册者 (2016-2021) 中的流行率.
- 分析人口和地理子组的流行率和趋势的变化.
主要方法:
- 一个重复的横截面研究,利用2016-2021年转换的医疗补助统计信息系统 (T-MSIS) 分析文件.
- 包括43个州持续注册的18岁及以下的医疗补助和CHIP个人.
- 使用科克兰-阿米塔奇测试评估趋势,按年龄,性别,种族,种族,地区和城市化分层.
主要成果:
- 在2016年至2021年期间,儿童糖尿病患病率从每1000名入学者中从2.73增加到3.04 (11.4%的相对增长).
- 1型糖尿病 (T1D) 的患病率增加了6.5%,而2型糖尿病 (T2D) 的患病率增加了24.3%.
- 二型糖尿病的增加在男性 (48.1%) 和美国西部居民 (51.8%) 中显著较高;农村居民患病率较高,但相对增加速度较城市居民慢.
结论:
- 在医疗补助计划的青少年中,儿科糖尿病患病率的稳步增加意味着越来越多的公共卫生问题.
- T2D的大幅增长凸显了积极预防,查和管理干预的必要性.
- 解决这些趋势对于减轻长期的健康差异和与儿科糖尿病相关的经济负担至关重要.
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