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乳牛中的便微生物群的继承是由年龄驱动的,并且受到胆乳源的适度影响

Gercino Ferreira Virginio Júnior¹, Cristiane Regina Tomaluski¹, Sophia Cattleya Dondé¹

¹Department of Animal Science, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.

Scientific reports

|February 23, 2026

概括

新鲜的母乳酪粉 (FMC) 支持小牛的有益肠道细菌比冷的母乳酪粉或替代品更多. 这支持有利于新生儿小牛健康的微生物群编程.

科学领域:

兽医医学兽医医学兽医医学
微生物学微生物学
动物科学动物科学

背景情况:

大奶粉对于新生儿小牛的生存至关重要,它提供了被动免疫力,并塑造了肠道微生物群.
早期肠道微生物殖民对于小牛的健康和发育至关重要.
了解乳酪来源对这一过程的影响至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估新鲜的母乳牛奶 (FMC),冷的母乳牛奶 (FC) 和母乳牛奶替代剂 (CR) 如何影响霍尔斯坦小牛的便微生物群发育.
为了确定乳酪来源是否影响生命早期的微生物多样性和组成.
基于胆乳来源,识别特定细菌种群早期殖民的潜在差异.

主要方法:

15只荷尔斯坦小牛被分为三组,接受FMC,FC或CR.
从出生到断奶10周后,收集了便样本.
使用16S rRNA基因测序分析了微生物组成.

主要成果:

便微生物的α多样性随着年龄的增长而增加,但在胆乳治疗中没有显著差异.
观察到一个一致的微生物群继承模式,从Escherichia/Shigella转移到Lactobacillus, Bacteroides和Faecalibacterium.
与FC或CR组相比, FMC养的小牛在生命早期显示出更高的乳酸菌的相对丰度.

结论:

大奶粉来源不会显著改变小牛的整体便微生物多样性.
新鲜的母乳可能会促进有益细菌的早期殖民,如乳酸菌.
提供新鲜的母乳可能有利于新生小牛的早期肠道微生物群编程.

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