由奖励历史驱动的分心:吸引注意力和顺序效应
Andrea De Cesarei1, Serena Mastria2, Maurizio Codispoti2
1Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat, 5, Bologna, BO, Italy. andrea.decesarei@unibo.it.
Attention, perception & psychophysics
|February 23, 2026
概括
学习的奖励价值会影响注意力捕捉,但重复的分心价值会加快反应,无论奖励如何. 重新遇到奖励的分心因素减少了注意力捕捉,显示价值驱动的注意力捕捉与顺序效应相互作用.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 决策科学科学 决策科学
背景情况:
- 学习的奖励值可以影响注意力,这种现象被称为价值驱动的注意力捕获 (VDAC).
- 众所周知,先前试验特征影响当前表现的顺序效应也会调节注意力.
- 学习价值和对注意力捕捉的顺序效应之间的相互作用仍然未被充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查学习的奖励值如何调节注意力捕捉中的顺序效应.
- 检查不同类型的奖励 (货币,可持续性相关) 是否会影响这种相互作用.
- 了解VDAC和顺序效应如何共同塑造注意力处理.
主要方法:
- 两个实验采用了VDAC范式,其中有一个学习阶段 (侧面任务) 和一个测试阶段 (单元任务).
- 字母颜色与高,低或没有货币/可持续性相关的奖励有关.
- 来自当前和之前的试验的分心值被操纵来评估注意力捕捉.
主要成果:
- 在整个试验中 (N-1至N) 重复分心值始终导致更快的反应,无论奖励值如何.
- 被奖励的干扰者捕捉注意力发生在之前的试验中出现了一个没有得到奖励的干扰者时.
- 重新遇到分散注意力的因素,即使是那些具有不同学习价值的东西,也会减少当前试验的注意力捕获.
结论:
- 干扰值的重复通过连续的效果促进了表现,独立于学习的奖励大小.
- 学习的奖励值调整了注意力捕捉,特别是当顺序效应不提供强烈的提示时.
- 学习值的处理是奖励驱动的捕获和顺序重复效应之间的动态相互作用.
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