碳酸通过增强荷尔斯坦牛的乳头新陈代谢来改善牛奶质量
Xiaojing Liu1, Haoqi Han1, Xinyue Zhang1
1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui)
|February 24, 2026
概括
饮食中碳酸补充剂改善了奶牛的牛奶脂肪和蛋白质含量. 补充500g/d优化牛奶成分,通过改变肠微生物和代谢途径.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 鲁门 微生物学
- 营养生物化学 营养生物化学
背景情况:
- 中期哺乳期的奶牛面临代谢压力,影响牛奶产量.
- 碳酸在提高牛奶质量的作用及其机制尚未完全理解.
- 体微生物组的改变是营养干预的潜在途径.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究食碳酸对乳头发酵,微生物群落和中期哺乳期奶牛的牛奶产量的影响.
- 为了阐明乳头微生物组调节和牛奶质量改善之间的关系.
- 为了确定乳牛营养的最佳碳酸补充水平.
主要方法:
- 60头多的荷尔斯坦牛被分配到四个饮食组 (控制组,低,中,高碳酸盐剂量) 持续84天.
- 分析了乳液发酵模式,微生物社区结构和代谢组.
- 测量了牛奶产量,脂肪和蛋白质的百分比.
主要成果:
- 碳酸补充剂显著改变了反发酵,增加了酸盐和异酸盐度.
- 中剂量 (500克/天) 组显示出最显著的改善牛奶脂肪和蛋白质百分比.
- 体微生物群分析显示,微生物群体结构和功能发生了显著变化,在中剂量组中,与氨基酸和脂肪酸代谢相关的KEGG基因增加.
结论:
- 每天500克碳酸的食补充剂有效地优化了奶牛的牛奶成分.
- 这种优化是通过调节 rumen 微生物群和相关的代谢途径,特别是氨基酸和脂肪酸生物合成来实现的.
- 碳酸显示出作为提高乳制品生产效率和牛奶质量的有针对性的营养策略的潜力.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
04:01Factors Affecting Solubility
37.5K
Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
37.5K
01:24Diagnosing Acidosis and Alkalosis
1.4K
Diagnosing acid-base imbalances involves systematically analyzing arterial blood samples, focusing on three key measurements: pH, bicarbonate (HCO3−) concentration, and carbon dioxide partial pressure (PCO2). This analysis follows a four-step process that helps identify the imbalance's underlying cause and nature.
First, the pH level is assessed to determine whether the blood pH is normal (7.35–7.45), low (acidosis), or high (alkalosis).
Next, the PCO2 and...
First, the pH level is assessed to determine whether the blood pH is normal (7.35–7.45), low (acidosis), or high (alkalosis).
Next, the PCO2 and...
1.4K
01:18Titration of Polyprotic Base with a Strong Acid
5.9K
The titration of a polyprotic base such as sodium carbonate with a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid results in two equivalence points on the titration curve. At the first equivalence point, the carbonate ions in the base are completely converted to bicarbonate ions. The second equivalence point corresponds to the complete conversion of bicarbonate ions to carbonic acid, which dissociates into carbon dioxide and water. The region before the first equivalence point corresponds to the...
5.9K
01:02Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of β-Ketoacids
4.0K
Carboxylic acids, upon heating, undergo a decarboxylation reaction by releasing carbon dioxide gas. Monocarboxylic acids do not undergo decarboxylation easily. However, a silver salt of carboxylic acid reacts with bromine or iodine under high temperature to release carbon dioxide gas and forms halide with one less carbon. This reaction is called the Hunsdiecker reaction.
4.0K
01:19Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria
2.9K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
In this solution, the primary...
2.9K
01:14Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis
4.2K
Malonic ester synthesis is a method to obtain α substituted carboxylic acids from ꞵ-diesters such as diethyl malonate and alkyl halides.
4.2K