被击败的主要抵抗位点可能会充当特洛伊木马,破坏葡萄藤中的抵抗金字塔
Tyrone Possamai1, Sabine Wiedemann-Merdinoglu1, Marie-Céline Lacombe1
1INRAE, Université de Strasbourg, UMR SVQV, 68000 Colmar, France.
iScience
|February 24, 2026
概括
使用多个基因 (金字塔化) 的葡萄藤耐药性繁殖可以增强对菌的耐用性. 然而,一些基因组合可能会出乎意料地降低耐药性,这凸显了在多年作物保护中需要仔细评估的必要性.
科学领域:
- 植物育种和遗传学 植物育种和遗传学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 开发抗病原体作物的作物.
背景情况:
- 耐药育种对可持续农业至关重要,但面临着由不断演变的病原体菌株带来的挑战.
- 葡萄藤 (Vitis spp.) 在葡萄树上生长. 作为研究金字塔抗性基因的耐用性的一种模型多年生植物.
- 病原体的耐药性分解可以限制育种策略的长期有效性.
研究的目的:
- 研究如何对Plasmopara viticola的金字塔式抗性基因影响葡萄藤的抗性有效性和耐久性.
- 评估单个和金字塔抗性局部 (Rpvs) 对天真和抗性突破性病原体菌株的影响.
- 了解金字塔式方案中功能性和被击败的阻力位点的定量影响.
主要方法:
- 使用葡萄藤后代分离四个主要的抗 Plasmopara viticola (Rpvs) 的抵抗位点.
- 对单个和金字塔式抗性局部进行了表型评估.
- 被挑战的植物具有原始和Rpv破坏的Plasmopara viticola菌株.
主要成果:
- 金字塔抗药位点表现出不同的效果 (有益,中性或有害),取决于具体的组合和病原体菌株.
- 在金字塔式方案中被击败的抵抗位点可能会损害植物的整体抵抗力.
- 金字塔抗药的疗效和耐用性并不总是提高,一些组合证明效果不那么好.
结论:
- 葡萄树中的金字塔式抗性基因可能是复杂的,可能会在位点之间产生负面相互作用.
- 在金字塔系中,特定耐药基因 (Rpvs) 的分解对多年生植物的繁殖持久耐药性有重大影响.
- 对金字塔化策略进行彻底的表型分析对于在作物中开发有效和持久的遗传耐药性至关重要.
相关概念视频
Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.8K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.8K
Transgenic Plants
8.8K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
8.8K
Vascular Resistance
11.7K
Vascular resistance is a critical concept in understanding blood flow dynamics in the circulatory system. It refers to the resistance that blood encounters as it flows through the blood vessels. This resistance is a key factor in determining blood pressure and cardiac workload.
The primary determinants of vascular resistance are vessel diameter, blood viscosity, and vessel length. Among these, vessel diameter plays the most significant role due to the fourth power relationship described by...
The primary determinants of vascular resistance are vessel diameter, blood viscosity, and vessel length. Among these, vessel diameter plays the most significant role due to the fourth power relationship described by...
11.7K
Development of Antibiotic Resistance
1.6K
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
1.6K
Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores
29.7K
Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
29.7K


