基因组学深度学习图像用于区分下巴的纤维骨性病变
A B Zhang1,2,3, P Y Li4, J Xue2,3
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China.
Journal of dental research
|February 24, 2026
概括
一个新的深度学习模型准确地区分了纤维骨性病变,如纤维性发育不良 (FD),骨化纤维瘤 (COF) 和骨性发育不良 (COD). 这种人工智能工具在帮助病理学家方面表现有前途,通过在识别这些具有挑战性的病变方面超越人类的准确性.
科学领域:
- 口腔病理学 口腔病理学
- 计算病理学计算病理学
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 纤维发育不良 (FD),骨化纤维瘤 (COF) 和骨发育不良 (COD) 是大的纤维骨性病变.
- 这些病变具有共同的组织学特征,使常规的病理差异化复杂化.
- 由于临床管理和预后各异,准确的诊断至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证深度学习 (DL) 模型,以区分FD,COF和COD.
- 为了比较不同DL培训策略的诊断性能.
- 评估DL模型的性能与经验丰富的口腔病理学家相比.
主要方法:
- 使用ResNet-50骨干的DL模型在3个机构的338个案件中的1,218个H&E全幻灯片图像上接受了训练.
- 四种培训策略进行了比较:在单个或多个幻灯片上进行弱监督和完全监督的模型.
- 使用曲线下的面积 (AUC) 和精度来评估性能,并通过概率热图进行可视化.
主要成果:
- 低监督的多滑块DL模型在测试组中实现了最佳性能 (AUC=0.86,精度=0.71).
- 这个模型超过了经验丰富的口腔病理学家的诊断准确度.
- 热图表明模型确定了损伤差异化的关键组织形态学模式.
结论:
- 一个多滑梯,弱监督的DL方法可以帮助分类部纤维骨性病变.
- 与仅基于组织学幻灯片的口腔病理学家相比,DL模型显示出更高的区分性能.
- 需要对更大,更多样化的队列进行进一步验证,以确认可通用性.
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