与精英运动员在热潮和潮湿环境下炼时表现下降相关的因素
Mandy A G Peggen1, Coen C W G Bongers1,2, Johannus Q de Korte3
1Department of Medical BioSciences,Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
International journal of sports physiology and performance
|February 24, 2026
概括
精英运动员在炎热,潮湿的条件下经历了显著的性能损失. 诸如脱水,热不适,BMI,性别,核心温度和心率等因素会影响在高温运动期间的表现下降.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 环境的极端情况
- 人类表现的人类表现.
背景情况:
- 在炎热和潮湿的环境中,运动性能下降.
- 确定预测精英运动员表现下降的因素至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定与精英运动员在炎热和潮湿的条件下炼期间的性能下降相关的因素.
- 了解热应激下性能损失的个体变化.
主要方法:
- 106名荷兰精英运动员在温和和热潮条件下完成了增量运动测试.
- 性能损失被量化为耗尽时间的差异.
- 多变量线性回归分析了性能损失与各种运动员/运动参数之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 平均性能下降为26%,疲劳的时间从60分钟减少到44分钟.
- 较高的脱水率和热不适与更大的性能损失相关.
- 较低的性能下降与更高的BMI,女性性别,增加的核心温度和在炎热条件下更高的心率有关.
结论:
- 运动反应,运动员特征,温度调节和感知是热量诱导性能下降的关键因素.
- 多变量模型解释了58%的性能下降差异.
- 这些发现提供了关于在体育表现期间对热的个人敏感性的见解.
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