新辅助疗法和转化生物标志物用于早期乳腺癌转移风险
Anna McCracken1, Olivia R Grafinger2, Hon S Leong3
1University of Toronto Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, Canada.
Cancer treatment reviews
|February 24, 2026
概括
乳腺癌 (BC) 的远程复发是一个主要问题. 本综述检查了循环瘤DNA (ctDNA) 和循环瘤细胞 (CTC) 等生物标志物,以预测新辅助疗法 (NAT) 的反应和监测转移风险.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 翻译医学是一种翻译医学.
- 生物标志物发现发现
背景情况:
- 远程复发显著影响乳腺癌 (BC) 死亡率,转移性播种发生较早.
- 新辅助疗法 (NAT) 提供了一个降低转移风险的窗口,从化疗演变为针对性疗法和免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 对HER2-阳性和三阴性BC.
- 可靠的生物标志物对于预测NAT反应和监测NAT后的微观疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索转移生物标志物和HER2-阳性和三阴性乳腺癌 (TNBC) 中NAT之间的相互作用.
- 在新辅助环境中批判性地检查生物标志物的预后,预测和响应适应作用.
- 讨论微创液体活检方法的临床采用挑战和潜力.
主要方法:
- 已建立和新兴生物标志物的审查,包括循环瘤DNA (ctDNA),循环瘤细胞 (CTC),扩散癌细胞 (DCC) 和瘤透淋巴细胞 (TIL).
- 分析生物标志物的作用,提供对残留疾病,免疫动态和基因组变化的纵向洞察.
- 检查技术进步,如甲基组测序和基于变异的ctDNA检测,以提高灵敏度.
主要成果:
- 生物标志物如ctDNA,CTC,DCC和TIL提供了关于NAT期间残留疾病和免疫动态的见解.
- 液体活检方法 (CTC,ctDNA) 提供了对转移风险的最小侵入性监测,克服了重复组织活检的挑战.
- 生物标志物检测方面的进步有望提高治疗响应和转移风险的评估灵敏度和有效性.
结论:
- 整合生物标志物告知分析可以改善精确的转移风险评估在接受NAT.AT的乳腺癌患者.
- 最少侵入性的液体活检是克服临床采用障碍和在整个治疗过程中监测患者的关键.
- 需要进行进一步的临床试验,以确定这些生物标志物的实用性,以改善HER2-阳性和TNBC患者的治疗结果.
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