在美国大型综合医疗保健系统中,检测潜在结核病感染的差异
Jennifer H Ku1, Parag Mahale2, Lei Qian2
1Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Public health
|February 24, 2026
概括
潜在结核病感染 (LTBI) 检测差异总体上下降,但在高社会经济地位 (SES) 的个人中增加,这些人出生在结核病发病率高的国家. 需要进一步的研究来解决这些测试不平等.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 基于出生国家和社会经济地位 (SES) 的潜在结核病感染 (LTBI) 测试差异尚未完全理解.
- 了解这些差异对于公平的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查在高与低结核病 (TB) 发病率国家出生的个人中,在SES中对LTBI测试的差异.
- 分析LTBI测试率的趋势以及随着时间的推移所产生的相关差异.
主要方法:
- 使用来自凯泽永久南加利福尼亚州 (2010-2019) 的电子健康记录进行的回顾性队列研究.
- 检查了LTBI测试率和区域级SES和种族/种族群体之间的差异措施.
- 使用归算数据来补充缺少的出生国家信息.
主要成果:
- 包括1,740,428个人;69.3%出生在结核病发病率低的国家.
- 在低结核病率国家出生的人群中,LTBI检测率保持稳定 (APC = -0.69%).
- 在高结核病发病率国家出生的人群中,检测率增加 (APC = 1.90%),而在高SES个体中,检测率的增加更大. 在这个群体中,SES和种族/种族之间的差异随着时间的推移而扩大.
结论:
- 来自高TB发病率和低TB发病率国家的个人在LTBI测试中的总体差异减少了.
- 然而,在高结核病发病率国家出生的SES较高的个体中,差异不成比例地增加.
- 进一步的研究是必要的,以确定原因,并告知干预措施,以减少这些差异.
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