滚动轴承故障诊断方法基于STFT统计特征和AL-SOA优化的包装树的融合
Hongwei Bai1, Weiyan Tong2, Chongxi Duan1
1School of Chemical Process Automation, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang, 111003, Liaoning, China.
Scientific reports
|February 24, 2026
概括
本研究引入了一种新的故障诊断方法,用于采用合短时间里埃变换 (STFT) 和时间域统计特征的滚动轴承. 通过适应性莱维-海优化算法 (AL-SOA) 为包装树进行优化,在复杂的条件下实现高精度.
科学领域:
- 机械工程 机械工程
- 信号处理 信号处理
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 滚动轴承的非静止性和干扰使故障诊断复杂化.
- 现有的方法难以应对复杂的工作条件和噪音.
- 准确和高效的故障诊断对于机械健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个轻量级,准确和可解释的滚动轴承故障诊断方法.
- 在复杂的环境中解决信号非静止性和干扰问题.
- 为了平衡诊断准确性,模型复杂性和训练效率.
主要方法:
- 使用注意力融合模块 (AFF) 的短时间里埃转换 (STFT) 和时间域统计特征的融合.
- 通过主要组件分析 (PCA) 减少尺寸.
- 使用自适应式莱维海优化算法 (AL-SOA) 优化包装树参数.
主要成果:
- 拟议的STSF-AL-SOA-BT方法实现了高平均精度:98.88% (CWRU),98.50% (SEU) 和97.53% (SUT).
- 注意力机制使准确度提高了0.6-1.2% (p < 0.01).
- AL-SOA促进了准确性,复杂性和效率之间的多目标平衡,帕雷托前线分析证实了这一点.
结论:
- 开发的方法提供了一个可行的解决方案,用于在可变的条件和噪声下轻型轴承故障诊断.
- 融合方法有效地捕获频率和时间域信息.
- 该方法表现出强大的区分能力,可解释性和工程部署性.
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