在西班牙的COVID-19后封锁期间,户外运动的演变:一项基于全国人口的全国性研究
Miguel Ángel de la Cámara1,2, Nerea Fernández de Larrea-Baz3,4, Roberto Pastor-Barriuso2,5
1Department of Educational Sciences, University of Alcalá (UAH), Alcalá de Henares, 28801, Spain.
BMC public health
|February 24, 2026
概括
西班牙的户外运动参与受到COVID-19封锁的重大影响. 虽然最初的恢复速度缓慢,但基线水平通常在七个月内恢复,根据个人和背景因素的变化.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 包括封锁在内的COVID-19大流行措施,显著影响了体育活动和体育参与.
- 这些限制对封锁后户外体育活动的长期影响仍未得到充分记录.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较在严格的COVID-19封锁后立即在西班牙的户外运动的普遍性与"新常态"期间的情况.
- 分析最初的流行病限制后户外运动参与的恢复模式.
主要方法:
- 在西班牙进行的一项全国性基于人口的研究 (ENE-COVID),采用两阶段分层随机抽样.
- 数据收集分两个阶段进行:早期封锁后 (2020年5月至6月,n=64,258) 和新常态 (2020年11月,n=50,159).
- 估计了户外运动的标准化流行率,根据个人和背景特征分层分析.
主要成果:
- 户外运动的普及率从封锁后早期的36.7%增加到新常态中的53.4%.
- 在SARS-CoV-2血清流行率较高的省份的儿童,老年人和个人表现出活动延迟恢复.
- 在封锁后的非参与者中,41%的人恢复了户外运动,而25.3%的人停止了活动.
结论:
- 户外运动参与,最初因封锁而减少,在七个月内延迟但总体恢复到基线水平.
- 社会人口结构和健康状况因素影响了户外运动的恢复轨迹.
- 在人口流动限制期间,个人和环境因素对于设计有效的体育活动和体育促进策略至关重要.
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