在NCM523电池的热失控中分析实时关键参数的合特性
Chen Zhong1, Yi-Jing Gao2, Li-Feng Zhou2
1Shenyang Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of EME, Shenyang 110034, China.
iScience
|February 25, 2026
概括
这项研究研究了使用NCM523阴极的离子电池 (LIB),揭示了热失控 (TR) 阶段和气体触发器. 了解低功率加热对于更安全的电动汽车至关重要.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 具有NCM523阴极的离子电池 (LIB) 对电动汽车至关重要,但由于热逃跑 (TR),它们面临安全挑战.
- 在电池组中TR期间的低功率加热,由减少热传递引起,人们对其了解甚少,并阻碍了安全开发.
- 有效的TR抑制和危害减轻策略受到TR现象在现实环境中的不完全知识的阻碍.
研究的目的:
- 在低功耗加热条件下研究NCM523 LIBs的热失控 (TR) 特性.
- 划分TR的各个阶段,并确定主要的气态产物,这些气体产物是导致防火的.
- 阐明电荷状态 (SOC) 对火焰行为和TR动态的影响.
主要方法:
- 在NCM523 LIB上进行了低功耗加热实验,以模拟真实电池组条件.
- 将热失控过程划分为四个不同的阶段.
- 确定了关键的气态产物 (CO,H2) 并分析了它们在防火启动中的作用.
主要成果:
- 观察到热失控 (TR) 在260°C开始,主要是由聚乙烯化物分解的CO和H2驱动的.
- 在TR期间的火焰行为强烈依赖于电池的充电状态 (SOC).
- 高SOC (>60%) 的电池表现出显著的防火,而低SOC的电池显示出可变的燃烧和残余质量波动.
结论:
- 澄清了NCM523 LIB热失控期间的气体火焰合机制.
- 解决了LIB TR.中关于低功耗加热现象的现有研究缺口.
- 为提高NCM523 LIB安全设计和优化灭火策略提供了关键的理论见解.
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