在2型糖尿病中改变味觉:关于味觉值和血糖控制的病例对照研究
Julika De1, Hina Handa1, Gaurav Arya1
1People's (Deemed to be University), People's Dental Academy, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bhanpur, Bhopal, 462037, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research
|February 25, 2026
概括
2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 显著影响味觉,尤其是甜味,酸味和苦味. 这种味觉功能障碍在血糖控制不良时会恶化,可能需要饮食咨询以更好地管理糖尿病.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 糖尿病 (DM) 与味觉的改变有关,可能导致对碳水化合物的渴望.
- 味觉功能障碍和糖尿病神经病变之间的关联是有争议的,对糖尿病患者的味觉值的研究有限.
- 这项研究调查了2型糖尿病患者 (T2DM) 的口味功能.
研究的目的:
- 评估和描述2型糖尿病患者的口味功能.
- 评估血糖控制 (HbA1c水平) 与味觉障碍程度之间的关系.
- 为了确定受T2DM影响的特定味道模式.
主要方法:
- 招募了138名参与者的队列,包括46名受控T2DM,46名不受控制T2DM和46名健康对照.
- 用全口门和空间味道测试来评估味觉感知.
- 统计分析使用了克鲁斯卡尔-瓦利斯试验和恩-邦费罗尼后期试验,显著程度为p <0.05.
主要成果:
- 在不同组中,HbA1c水平有显著差异:不受控制的T2DM (11.22%),受控制的T2DM (7.43%) 和对照 (5.08%).
- 在T2DM患者中观察到明显的味觉障碍,特别是甜味,酸味和苦味,随着血糖控制较差而恶化 (p < 0.001).
- 在T2DM患者中,盐的感知仍然不受影响 (p = 0.56).
结论:
- 患有T2DM的个体表现出明显的味觉功能障碍,影响了甜味,酸味和苦味的感知.
- 软弱的甜味感觉可能会导致糖消耗增加,加剧高血糖症.
- 研究结果强调了饮食咨询对于管理味觉障碍和改善T2DM患者血糖控制的重要性.
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