探索荷兰荷尔斯坦牛中甲表型的不同定义
C I V Manzanilla-Pech1, A E van Breukelen1, R F Veerkamp1
1Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.
JDS communications
|February 25, 2026
概括
基因组选择可以减少乳牛的甲排放. 平均甲度 (CH4c) 和峰值甲度 (speaks) 是适合低排放奶牛的替代品,与其他甲度有很强的遗传相关性.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 减少乳牛的甲排放对于环境可持续性至关重要.
- 基因组选择提供了一个有前途的策略来培育低排放的反动物.
- 准确的甲表型化对于有效的基因改进至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计乳牛中11种不同的甲排放表型的遗传参数.
- 评估各种甲表型与牛奶产量 (MY) 和体重 (BW) 之间的遗传相关性.
- 为基因组选择计划确定合适的甲表型.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自7600只荷兰荷尔斯坦牛的149,726个嗅探记录 (2019-2024年).
- 采用动物可重复性模型,具有固定的效果 (羊群年季,哺乳周,哺乳期数,分娩年龄).
- 估计甲度 (CH4c),甲产量 (CH4p),甲强度 (MeI) 和相关特征 (CO2c) 的遗传性和遗传相关性.
主要成果:
- 对CH4c表型的遗传概率估计在0.16至0.30之间;对于CH4p表型的遗传概率估计在0.03至0.27之间.
- 在大多数CH4c和CH4p表型中观察到高遗传相关性,但IPCC的Tier2基准除外.
- 平均CH4c (avg) 和最大峰值 (speaks) 的总和显示出与CH4p有强烈的正相关性,与MY和BW有最小的不良相关性.
结论:
- 当使用嗅探测量时,平均CH4c (avg) 和峰值CH4c (speaks) 是乳牛甲排放的可靠代理.
- 这些表型显示出有利的遗传相关性,用于培育低排放动物,而不会对牛奶产量或体重产生负面影响.
- 这些发现支持AVG的使用,并谈到基因组选择策略,以减轻奶牛养殖中的甲排放.
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