作为西班牙奶牛代谢疾病指标的牛奶β-基酸盐的遗传参数

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M A Pérez-Cabal¹, I Cervantes¹, J P Gutiérrez¹

¹Animal Production Department-Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.

JDS communications

|February 25, 2026

概括

牛奶β-基酸盐 (mBHB) 可能表明乳牛的亚临床症. 建议在育种计划中使用前三次哺乳期的两个测试日记录来识别不那么容易受影响的动物.

科学领域:

动物科学动物科学
乳牛遗传学乳牛遗传学
代谢障碍代谢障碍代谢障碍

背景情况:

症是乳牛的主要代谢障碍,影响群体健康和繁殖目标.
牛奶β-基酸盐 (mBHB) 度是亚临床症的可靠指标,可以从牛奶记录系统中获取.
识别对症敏感性较低的动物对于乳牛繁殖计划至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了评估牛奶β-基酸盐 (mBHB) 作为西班牙霍尔斯坦育种计划中遗传评估的特征.
探索MBHB的最佳特征定义,以改善抗症的遗传选择.
评估不同数据策略 (所有记录与第一天测试) 对遗传评估的影响.

主要方法:

分析了五个mBHB特征,对应于前五个哺乳期.
两个数据集进行了比较:所有可用的测试日记录与仅在68天内在牛奶 (DIM) 中的第一个测试日.
使用了统计模型,包括固定效应 (哺乳期,分娩月,DIM) 和随机效应 (群年,遗传学,永久环境).

主要成果:

对于mBHB特征的遗传概率估计在0.04到0.12之间,在数据集中一致.
在哺乳期中发现了高遗传相关性 (0.67-0.98).
使用两个测试日记录提高了预测准确性,在 sires (0.12-0.52) 之间存在中等等级相关性.

结论:

牛奶β-基酸盐 (mBHB) 是乳牛繁殖中亚临床症的一个可行的指标特征.
使用前三次哺乳期的两个测试日记录似乎足以进行有效的遗传评估.
这种方法可以帮助识别西班牙荷尔斯坦牛不太容易发生症.

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