非自杀性自伤和自杀企图风险的发展轨迹
Amanda J Thompson1, Katherine Sarkisian1, Elyse N Llamocca1,2
1The Center for Suicide Prevention and Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
JAACAP open
|February 25, 2026
概括
持续非自杀性自伤 (NSSI) 的年轻人面临更高的自杀企图 (SA) 风险. 早期识别NSSI轨迹和相关风险因素对于有针对性的预防策略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 青年期非自杀性自我伤害 (NSSI) 发病与自杀企图 (SA) 风险增加有关,特别是在早期发病或持久的行为方面.
- 识别特定的NSSI轨迹和相关的风险因素对于有效的早期自杀风险识别和预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在年轻人中确定NSSI的不同轨迹.
- 确定预测年轻人遵循哪些NSSI轨迹的特征.
- 在已识别的NSSI轨迹中比较SA风险.
主要方法:
- 在青少年大脑认知发展研究 (ABCD) 的子样本 (N=2524) 上使用潜伏类生长建模.
- 追溯确定了在典型发病前至少有一次NSSI事件的年轻人,使用5次年度评估进行了4年 (年龄9-14岁) 的跟踪.
- 分析了群体成员资格和SA风险的预测因素,包括性别,精神病理,家庭冲突和积极的育儿.
主要成果:
- 确定了两个不同的NSSI轨迹:早期发病组 (15%) 具有有限的NSSI和晚期发病组 (85%) 具有多次NSSI认可的中等风险.
- 较晚发病的组表现出明显更高的自杀企图的可能性 (21%) 与较早发病的组 (17%).
- 性,精神病理,家庭冲突和积极的育儿是NSSI轨迹组成员和SA风险的重要预测因素.
结论:
- 虽然年轻人早期发病和持续性NSSI都与高SA风险有关,但持续性NSSI的风险略有增加.
- 青少年和家庭特征可以预测NSSI轨迹,突出显示需要对患有NSSI的儿童进行持续监测和干预.
- 调查结果强调了关于NSSI年轻人SA风险的公共卫生意识的重要性,并支持有针对性的干预措施.
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