沙地训练与其他地面训练在改善方向变化和跳跃性能方面的剂量反应关系:系统性审查和元分析
Tingting Wang1,2, Haiting Zhai2,3, Hao Yan2
1Beijing Sport Science Institute, Beijing, China.
Frontiers in physiology
|February 25, 2026
概括
与硬表面训练相比,沙子训练显著提高了方向变化 (COD) 能力和站立远跳的性能. 通过更长的培训计划和用于COD和跳跃增强的特定会话频率,可以获得最佳结果.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 方向变化 (COD) 和跳跃性能是重要的运动指标.
- 假设在不稳定的表面上进行沙子训练可以提高这些能力.
- 关于沙子与硬表面训练有效性的比较数据是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 系统地比较沙子训练与硬地训练对COD和跳跃性能的影响.
- 为了确定最佳的训练参数以提高基于沙子的性能.
主要方法:
- 在主要的科学数据库 (PubMed,MEDLINE,CENTRAL,Scopus,Web of Science) 进行系统的文献搜索.
- 使用Stata 15和RevMan软件对数据进行元分析.
- 使用PEDro尺度的包含研究的质量评估.
主要成果:
- 沙子训练在T测试 (SMD = -0.80,p = 0.04) 和站立远跳 (SLJ) (SMD = 0.85,p = 0.004) 中表现出更高的有效性.
- 对T测试进行最佳训练需要持续时间>6周,每周3次,每次40分钟以下.
- 对于SLJ来说,最佳的培训需要持续时间>6周,>3次/周.
结论:
- 沙子训练对COD能力和水平跳跃性能比硬表面训练提供了显著的优势.
- 在垂直跳转指标 (CMJ,SJ) 中,没有观察到表面之间的显著差异.
- 训练计划的特点 (持续时间,频率,会话长度) 和运动员的训练状态影响了适应沙子训练.
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