相关实验视频
Updated: Feb 26, 2026

12:44
Watershed Planning within a Quantitative Scenario Analysis Framework
Published on: July 24, 2016
8.7K
开发美国加勒比海流动持续时间评估方法的基本要素
Katiana Garcia-Rosado1,2, Ken M Fritz3,4, Augustin C Engman5
1Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education Fellow at U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Guaynabo, Puerto Rico, USA.
概括
为美国加勒比海开发流量持续评估方法 (SDAM) 对水资源管理至关重要. 本综述确定了新的,准确的SDAM的关键指标和框架,用于波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 水文学的水文学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 流量持续评估方法 (SDAM) 对于水资源管理者来说至关重要,以对流量进行分类,但对于波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛没有经过验证的SDAM.
- 目前对加勒比河流特征和流量持续时间的研究有限,这阻碍了有效的水资源管理.
研究的目的:
- 通过审查现有的流研究,为美国加勒比海SDAM奠定基础.
- 确定河流流程持续时间的候选指标和适合该地区的水文地理框架.
主要方法:
- 一项全面的文献审查选了2081个标题/摘要和750个全文文档.
- 从10项评估流特征和流程持续时间的研究中确定了候选指标.
- 分析了235份文件,其中包括2282个流域的局部数据,以对流程持续时间进行分类.
主要成果:
- 只有10项研究评估了不同流量持续时间的流特征,突出了研究缺口.
- 候选指标包括排水面积,沿海草本覆盖,鱼类和水生无脊椎动物指标.
- 生态生活区框架是最合适的,与与多年和间歇性溪流流行相关的独特森林区域.
结论:
- 美国加勒比地区需要一个经过验证的SDAM,本次审查提供了必要的基础工作.
- 生态生活区框架和确定的候选指标为SDAM发展提供了一条前进的道路.
- 需要进一步的研究来弥合了解美国加勒比海地区流动持续时间的差距.
相关概念视频
Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
342
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
342
Rapidly Varying Flow
548
Rapidly varying flow (RVF) in open channels is characterized by abrupt changes in flow depth over a short distance, with the rate of depth change relative to distance often approaching unity. These flows are inherently complex due to their transient and multi-dimensional nature, making exact analysis difficult. However, approximate solutions using simplified models provide valuable insights into their behavior.Key Features of Rapidly Varying FlowRVF is commonly observed in scenarios involving...
548
Gradually Varying Flow
484
Gradually varying flow (GVF) in open channels describes situations where water depth changes slowly along the channel due to factors like non-uniform bed slope, channel shape variations, or obstructions. This flow type occurs when the depth adjusts gradually to balance gravitational forces, shear forces, and energy requirements, resulting in a low rate of depth change.Characteristics of Gradually Varying FlowGVF is commonly observed in natural streams, rivers, and canals, where flow depth...
484
Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway
805
Scaled hydraulic models of dam spillways provide a practical way to replicate and study the intricate flow dynamics of these structures. Often built to a 1:15 ratio, these models allow for observing critical water behavior, such as velocity distribution, flow patterns, and energy dissipation.
805
Typical Model Studies
649
Fluid mechanics model studies often utilize scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior in full-scale environments, such as river flows, dam spillways, and structures interacting with open surfaces. Maintaining Froude number similarity in river models is crucial, as it replicates surface flow features like wave patterns and velocities.
649
Design Example: Design of an Irrigation Channel
923
Trapezoidal channels are widely used in irrigation systems due to their cost-effectiveness and efficiency in conveying water. Trapezoidal channels feature a flat bottom and sloping sides, making them stable and easier to construct compared to other shapes. The bottom width and side slope ratio are determined based on the required flow capacity and site conditions. The side slope is kept gentle for unlined channels to prevent soil erosion.Hydraulic parameters in channel design include the flow...
923

