产前暴露于父母吸烟和儿子和女儿的不孕症:一个队列研究
M V Stokholm1, A Ernst1,2, S E Håberg3
1Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Human reproduction (Oxford, England)
|February 25, 2026
概括
这项研究没有找到强有力的证据表明,产前暴露于父母吸烟会增加成年儿子和女儿的不孕症风险. 虽然一些趋势表明存在联系,但大多数信心区间重叠于零值,表明不确定性.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 围产期研究 围产期研究
背景情况:
- 生殖功能的发展始于胎儿的生命.
- 产前接触父母吸烟可能会对生殖健康产生负面影响.
- 以前的研究表明,父母吸烟与后代不孕之间存在潜在联系.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查产前暴露于父母吸烟和成年后代不孕症之间的联系.
- 检查潜在的剂量反应关系和母亲和父亲吸烟的协同效应.
- 根据后代的年龄和教育水平,探索这种关联的变化.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自丹麦出生队列"两人的健康习惯" (1984-1987) 的数据.
- 包括11,144个活生生的独生子和女儿,在35-38岁时进行了随访.
- 通过母亲的自我报告评估父母的吸烟情况,并使用国家注册表 (ICD-10诊断或ART使用) 定义后代不孕症,用Cox回归分析.
主要成果:
- 母亲吸烟 (>9支/天) 显示,在年轻的儿子 (≤26岁) 和女儿 (≤27岁) 中,不孕症风险增加的趋势.
- 父亲吸烟 (>10支/天) 显示,较大的儿子 (>26岁) 的不孕症风险增加趋势.
- 对于整个产前父母吸烟暴露,没有发现强有力的证据表明不孕症风险增加,大多数置信区间重叠于零值.
结论:
- 该研究没有提供强有力的证据,将产前父母吸烟暴露与成年后代不孕症风险增加联系起来.
- 限制包括吸烟暴露的潜在错误分类和不充分确定不孕症病例.
- 虽然不能完全排除适度的,不确定的风险,但目前建议在怀孕前戒烟的指南仍然适用.
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