德国临床语言在真实和合成临床文档中的时间注释:语料库开发和基线标记器验证研究
Luise Modersohn1,2, Udo Hahn2,3
1Chair of Medical Informatics, Institute for AI and Informatics in Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM) university hospital, Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
Journal of medical Internet research
|February 25, 2026
概括
研究人员为德国临床文本开发了一种符合TimeML的注释模式,为该语言创建了第一个公开可用的临时注释集体. 这使得能够训练用于临床决策的高级时间感知语言模型.
科学领域:
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
- 临床信息学 临床信息学
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
背景情况:
- 时间信息对于临床决策至关重要.
- 自动提取时间数据需要注释的临床报告.
- 德国临床语言资源对于时间标签很少.
研究的目的:
- 为德国医学语言开发一个符合TimeML的注释模式.
- 适应现有的时间实体和关系的英语指南.
- 训练德国临床文件的基线时间标记器.
主要方法:
- 适应英语时间注释指南的德国临床术语.
- 使用了5名经过临床培训的注释者进行改进.
- 使用TimeML标准注释了两个德国公司 (3000PAJ和GraSCCo).
- 从基于变压器 (BERT) 的标记器开发了双向编码器表示.
主要成果:
- 创建了3000PAJ-temp (不可分发) 和GraSCCo-temp (可公开使用) 的公司.
- 在时间命名实体识别方面获得了高的interannotator协议 (IAA) F1-scores (0.9).
- 时间关系提取IAA F1得分为0.57 (GraSCCo) 和0.41 (3000PAJ).
- 基线标记器性能达到F1-score为0.64-0.85的命名实体和0.60-0.64的关系提取.
结论:
- 引入了第一个符合TimeML的注释方案,用于德国临床语言.
- 开发了第一个公开可访问的,暂时注释的德国临床集体 (GraSCCo-temp).
- 培训了第一个符合TimeML的时间标记器,用于德国临床文本.
- 产生了大量的时间元数据,相当于英国大型临床数据集.
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