早期应对一种基于社区的行为教育干预,针对心血管风险概况和幸福感
Valentí Fuster1, Domènec Haro2, Xavier Òrrit2
1Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, New York, New York, USA; Foundation for Science, Health, and Education (SHE), Barcelona, Spain.
JACC. Advances
|February 25, 2026
概括
社区健康教育计划可以减少心血管疾病的风险因素. 在两年内持续参加至少四次研讨会是获得最佳效益的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防医学 预防医学
- 社区卫生干预措施 社区卫生干预
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 是全球主要的死亡原因,主要是由于可修改的风险因素.
- 基于世卫组织健康城市框架的卡多纳健康社区2030 (HC-2030) 干预计划于2021年在西班牙卡多纳实施.
- 本研究侧重于社区一级的策略,以减轻心血管疾病风险.
研究的目的:
- 评估HC-2030社区干预对Fuster-BEWAT得分和其他心血管风险标志物的2年剂量反应效应.
- 将卡多纳的结果与接受通常护理的对照城镇 (萨伦特) 进行比较.
- 评估社区卫生教育研讨会参与水平对健康结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 这是一项准实验性研究,涉及1857名12-85岁的参与者.
- 干预组 (Cardona) 接受了健康教育研讨会;对照组 (Sallent) 接受了标准的护理.
- 基线和2年随访评估包括Fuster-BEWAT得分,人体测量,血压,脂质概况和体力活动.
主要成果:
- 参加了四次或更多研讨会的参与者在体育活动,饮食,甘油三和透气血压方面显著改善.
- 在对照城镇,Fuster-BEWAT得分显著下降 (-0.50分),但在干预城镇 (-0.06分) 保持稳定.
- 与对照组相比,HC-2030干预导致腰围,总胆固醇和吸烟率的降低,同时增加了身体活动和幸福感.
结论:
- 社区教育计划,如HC-2030,对心血管健康具有显著的预防价值.
- 持续参与,定义为在两年内参加至少四次研讨会,对于最大限度地提高心血管健康效益至关重要.
- 需要进行进一步的研究和持续的随访,以确定干预的长期影响.
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