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相关概念视频

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

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Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Dual Effects of Melanoma Cell-derived Factors on Bone Marrow Adipocytes Differentiation
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脂肪细胞和骨质母细胞在调节骨分化的过程中相互交叉.

Mariana Liessa Rovis Sanches1, Cintia Kazuko Tokuhara2, Flávia Amadeu de Oliveira2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil.

Molecular and cellular endocrinology
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PubMed
概括

脂肪组织通过损害骨质母细胞功能来阻碍骨健康. 脂肪细胞分泌物破坏骨形成,导致骨质疏松症并突出治疗干预的途径.

关键词:
脂肪细胞 (adipocytes) 是一种脂肪细胞.细胞分化的细胞分化.骨质母细胞的骨质母细胞.

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Differentiation of Functional Osteoclasts from Human Peripheral Blood CD14+ Monocytes
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科学领域:

  • 骨生物学 骨生物学 骨生物学
  • 细胞相互作用 细胞相互作用
  • 代谢性骨疾病 代谢性骨疾病

背景情况:

  • 骨稳定依赖于骨细胞和骨髓内的脂肪组织之间的复杂交叉.
  • 有利于脂肪细胞发育 (脂肪生成) 而不是骨细胞发育 (骨质生成) 的不平衡与骨质疏松症和骨髓脂肪增加有关.
  • 脂肪细胞衍生因素与调节骨质母细胞活性和骨代谢有关.

研究的目的:

  • 研究脂肪细胞受条件介质 (CM) 对骨质细胞功能和分化的影响.
  • 为了确定暴露于脂肪细胞分泌物的骨质母细胞中的分子变化.
  • 阐明脂肪细胞通过哪些机制影响骨质-脂肪基平衡.

主要方法:

  • 用来自脂肪细胞的条件介质治疗骨质母细胞.
  • 评估细胞活力,性酸酶 (ALP) 活性和沉积.
  • 蛋白质组分析以确定差异表达的蛋白质.
  • 生物信息分析包括STRING网络分析和表观遗传标记的评估.

主要成果:

  • 脂肪细胞CM没有引起细胞毒性,但显著损害了骨质母细胞分化,由减少沉积和ALP活性证明.
  • 蛋白质组分析揭示了关键的细胞外基因蛋白的下调和与炎症和氧化应激相关的蛋白质的上调 (例如,GAPDH,维丁).
  • 网络分析表明压力反应途径的丰富,而表观遗传变化,如血红蛋白过度表达和减少的基因素异型表明NF-κB激活和氧化应激.

结论:

  • 脂肪细胞分泌物创造了一个富含炎症和氧化压力的微环境,这对骨质细胞的分化和功能有害.
  • 矿化受损,细胞骨功能障碍和不良表观遗传修饰是脂肪细胞-骨质细胞交叉的关键后果.
  • 针对这些分子通路可能为骨质疏松症和相关骨疾病提供新的治疗策略.