在主要精神疾病中,具有压力敏感默认模式网络 (DMN) 缺陷的特征
Sinead King1,2, Zuo Zhang3,4, Lauren Robinson5,6
1Futureneuro Research Ireland Centre for Translational Brain Science, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland. sineadking@rcsi.com.
儿童创伤 (CT) 与精神疾病中的认知缺陷有关. 非典型的默认模式网络 (DMN) 连接调解了这一关联,表明CT的跨诊断途径.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 儿童创伤 (CT) 是认知障碍的重要危险因素.
- 这种障碍在各种精神疾病中观察到,表明潜在的跨诊断机制.
- 默认模式网络 (DMN) 与认知功能和精神疾病有关.
研究的目的:
- 调查非典型的默认模式网络 (DMN) 连接是否调解了童年创伤 (CT) 和认知障碍之间的关系.
- 在大量患有和没有精神疾病的年轻成年人中检查这一跨诊断假设.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自1851名 (18-25岁) 个体的数据,包括患有抑郁症,饮食障碍,酒精使用障碍,精神病和多动症的患者.
- 使用童年创伤问卷 (CTQ) 评估童年创伤 (CT).
- 通过CANTAB空间工作记忆任务和DMN连接使用fMRI (中枢PFC,侧侧,PCC) 来测量认知功能.
主要成果:
- 患者在关键节点 (PFC,LP,PCC) 和大脑其余部分之间显著减少了DMN连接.
- 发现,减少DMN连接可以调解较高CT得分与较差认知表现之间的关联.
- 结果显示了跨诊断效应,在抑郁症中观察到一些区域差异.
结论:
- 非典型的DMN连接作为一个跨诊断机制,将童年创伤 (CT) 与认知障碍联系起来.
- 这些发现突出了一个特定的神经通路,通过这种通路,早期的生活逆境会影响精神疾病中的认知功能.
- 针对DMN功能的干预措施可能对有CT病史和认知缺陷的个体有益.
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