脱氧皮质皮酸盐在患有低上皮质症的狗身上的药理动力学和药理动力学
Daniel K Langlois1, Levent Dirikolu2, Jean M Brudvig3
1Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
Journal of veterinary internal medicine
|February 26, 2026
概括
低剂量脱氧皮质皮酸盐 (DOCP) 是有效的治疗低皮质症 (HA) 在狗. 监测血蛋白活性 (PRA) 对于确定最佳的DOCP剂量间隔至关重要,避免过度估计电解质度.
科学领域:
- 兽医药理学 兽医药理学
- 狗内分泌学 狗内分泌学
- 药物代谢和药理动力学
背景情况:
- 脱氧皮质皮酸盐 (DOCP) 是一种标准的治疗方法,用于治疗缺少矿物质皮质在患有低皮质症 (HA) 的狗中.
- 了解DOCP的药理动力学和药理动力学对于优化治疗方案至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估不同剂量的DOCP在新诊断HA的狗中的药理动力学和药理动力学.
- 为了比较低剂量 (1.1毫克/公斤) 和标签剂量 (2.2毫克/公斤) 的DOCP的疗效和作用持续时间.
主要方法:
- 一个前性临床试验,涉及21只新诊断HA的狗.
- 狗接受了DOCP的低剂量或标签剂量的皮下注射.
- 血清药物度,电解质水平和血内活性 (PRAs) 被测量在设定的时间间隔.
- 药物动力学变量是使用单间模型来确定的; 药学动力学变量是根据电解质和PRA测量估计的.
主要成果:
- 与低剂量相比,标签剂量DOCP导致药物度峰值和总体暴露显著更高.
- 然而,PRA评估的DOCP作用的持续时间在低剂量和标签剂量组之间没有显著差异.
- 与PRA测量相比,血清电解质度高估了DOCP作用的持续时间大约10天.
结论:
- 药理动力学和药理动力学数据支持使用低剂量DOCP每5至7周一次作为狗HA的可行的治疗策略.
- 仅依靠血清电解质度来延长DOCP剂量间隔超过7-8周不建议,因为可能会高估药物作用持续时间.
相关概念视频
Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters
229
It is not uncommon for complete drug pharmacokinetic profiles to remain elusive in pharmacokinetics. This necessitates certain educated assumptions by pharmacokineticists to determine appropriate dosage regimens without comprehensive pharmacokinetic data from animal or human studies. One prevalent assumption is setting the bioavailability factor, denoted as F, to 1 or 100%. This assumption caters to the scenario where a drug doesn't achieve full systemic absorption, resulting in the patient...
229
Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Problems
48
The empirical approach to drug therapy optimization relies on correlating pharmacological response with administered dosage. Such an approach can be costly, time-consuming, and often yields poor correlation due to variables like formulation factors and drug elimination characteristics. A more precise approach correlates response with plasma drug concentration or the amount of drug in the body, rather than dosage. This is achieved through pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling, which...
48
Adrenal Gland Disorders
3.6K
Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
3.6K
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids
577
Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
577
Hormones of the Adrenal Glands
6.0K
Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and...
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and...
6.0K
Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis
3.2K
Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
3.2K


