非传染性疾病的跨国差异:基于全民医疗覆盖的服务覆盖率指数前景,2000-2021年
Mingzhu Zhou1, Ying Jiang1, Jiaying Zhu1
1School of Pharmaceutical Business, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Frontiers in public health
|February 26, 2026
概括
全球非传染性疾病 (NCD) 的全民医疗覆盖 (UHC) 改善,但不平等仍然存在. 医疗支出显著增加了NCD-SCI,而资源差异导致了高收入和低收入国家之间的差距.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 全民健康覆盖 (UHC) 是一个全球优先事项.
- 对非传染性疾病 (NCD) 的UHC动态不平等的系统研究是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 调查2000-2021年NCDs的UHC不平等情况.
- 提供证据和政策建议,以实现全球UHC在非传染性疾病中的平等.
- 分析影响不同收入水平NCD的UHC不平等因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了多个跨国数据集 (2000-2021).
- 雇员小组使用固定效应模型来分析影响因素.
- 使用吉尼系数和其他指数衡量不平等.
- 应用Oaxaca-Blinder分解来识别不平等的来源.
主要成果:
- 全球非传染性疾病服务覆盖率指数 (NCD-SCI) 从50升至60;吉尼系数从0.115降至0.095.
- 政府卫生支出对NCD-SCI产生了积极影响 (β=0.24,p<0.01);医生密度没有显著影响.
- 与低收入国家相比,资源供给和回报率的相互作用解释了高达53.26%的SCI差距.
- 医疗支出推动了高收入国家和中等收入国家之间的差异 (116.67%的贡献);医疗资源捐赠推动了与低收入国家之间的差异.
结论:
- 在全球经济差距的情况下,揭示了非传染性疾病的UHC长期趋势.
- 建议采取措施,提高UHC水平,促进不同地区的平等.
- 强调了医疗支出和资源拨款对基于国民收入的UHC不平等的差异影响.
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