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全球,区域和国家儿童结核病负担:基于人口的研究
Leiwen Fu1, Ke Liu1, Yuxian Sun1
1Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Capital Medical University, District 1, No.9 Beiguan Street, Tongzhou District, Beijing 101149, China.
Tropical medicine and infectious disease
|February 26, 2026
概括
从1990年到2021年,全球儿童 (0-14岁) 结核病发病率有所下降,但多种耐药结核病 (MDR-TB) 在几个地区正在增加. 加强诊断,治疗和预防治疗对于消除儿童结核病至关重要.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是一个重要的全球卫生问题,不成比例地影响着儿童.
- 本研究使用2021年全球疾病负担 (GBD) 数据评估了儿童结核病 (年龄0-14岁) 的负担.
- 它检查了从1990年到2021年的204个国家和地区的趋势.
研究的目的:
- 综合评估全球,区域和国家儿童结核病负担.
- 分析结核病发病率和残疾调整寿命年 (DALYs) 的时间趋势.
- 调查结核病负担与社会人口统计指数 (SDI) 之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 利用GBD 2021数据对儿童的结核病发病率 (药物易感,MDR-TB,XDR-TB) 和DALY (0-14岁).
- 为年龄标准化发病率 (ASIR) 和DALY率计算估计的年度百分比变化 (EAPC).
- 雇员斯皮尔曼相关性评估结核病负担和SDI之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 在2021年,全球估计有759,300例儿童结核病病例发生,从1990年至2021年,全球ASIR和DALY率下降.
- 高收入的北美地区显示结核病ASIR增加,而MDR-TB ASIR在全球范围内保持稳定,但在大洋洲,中亚和南亚等地区上升.
- 结核病负担与SDI之间存在强烈的负相关性,在SDI较低的地区负担更高.
结论:
- 儿童结核病发病率在全球范围内正在下降,但进展不均,特定地区的MDR-TB趋势令人担忧.
- 实现结核病消除需要改善儿童,特别是5岁以下儿童的诊断,治疗和预防策略.
- 有针对性的干预措施是必不可少的,特别是在SDI较低的地区,结核病负担很高的地区.
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