系列1:传播的背后:对暴露于Mycobacterium结核病的风险因素的范围审查
Sonia Menon1,2, Anthony D Harries1,3, Riitta A Dlodlo1
1International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 75001 Paris, France.
Tropical medicine and infectious disease
|February 26, 2026
概括
结核病的传播是由无家可归,移民和污染等社会和环境因素驱动的. 解决这些相互关联的风险需要一个多部门的方法,以有效预防和控制.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 构成了重大的全球卫生挑战,传播动态受到诸如感染个体数量,感染持续时间和接触概率等因素的影响.
- 移民,城市化和人口变化等全球趋势需要对结核病传播的既定和新兴风险因素进行审查.
- 本范围审查的重点是综合系统性审查中的证据,以分析暴露于*Mycobacterium tuberculosis*的风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 绘制和综合有关影响结核病传播的既定和新兴风险因素的最新证据.
- 通过了解全球趋势对传播动态的影响,指导未来的结核病预防和控制战略.
- 为了确定 * Mycobacterium 结核病 * 暴露的社会和环境决定因素.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed中使用关键词进行了初步文献搜索:"结核病"",危险因素"和"系统性审查".
- 一项有针对性的搜索确定了自2000年以来出版的系统审查,该审查审查了M.结核病*暴露的社会和环境决定因素.
- 数据的提取和合成遵循PRISMA-ScR指南,不包括2000年之前的原始研究和评论.
主要成果:
- 从344个已识别的系统审查中选择的14个系统审查符合资格标准.
- 确定的主要风险因素包括无家可归,移民,职业暴露,城市化,气候变化和空气污染.
- 研究结果强调了社会和环境决定因素在推动结核病传播方面的复杂相互作用.
结论:
- 结核病控制的多部门方法至关重要,因为气候变化,空气污染,过度拥挤,耻辱和有限的医疗保健等因素加剧了与贫困相关的风险.
- 有效的结核病预防和控制需要针对性干预,解决这些相互关联的社会和环境决定因素.
- 解决复杂的风险因素网络对于全球减轻结核病传播至关重要.
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