在西班牙的传染病研究中使用最低基本数据集的三十年:采用证据映射方法进行范围审查
Beatriz Rodríguez-Alonso1,2,3, Hugo Almeida1,2,3, Montserrat Alonso-Sardón2,3,4
1Servicio de Medicina Interna, Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Tropical medicine and infectious disease
|February 26, 2026
概括
最低基本数据集 (CMBD) 对西班牙传染病研究至关重要,它提供了国家洞察力,但数据细节有限. 为了提高准确性,需要进一步验证和数据链接.
科学领域:
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 在医疗保健中的数据科学.
背景情况:
- 全国范围的医院出院数据库对于传染病研究至关重要,但它们的局限性往往没有得到解决.
- 西班牙的最低基本数据集 (Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos,CMBD) 成立于1987年,提供了有关急性护理住院的广泛数据.
- 缺乏对CMBD在传染病流行病学中的贡献和限制的全面综合.
研究的目的:
- 进行范围审查,绘制西班牙基于CMBD的传染病研究的范围,应用和方法限制.
- 综合利用CMBD数据研究传染病的发现,自其实施以来.
- 在CMBD研究中确定阻碍病因特异性和因果推理的关键约束因素.
主要方法:
- 根据JBI指导进行范围审查,并根据PRISMA-ScR指导方针进行报告.
- 从PubMed,Embase,Web of Science和Scopus的系统搜索开始到2024年11月25日.
- 包括在1996年至2024年间发表的359篇英语或西班牙语的同行评审文章,使用CMBD数据调查西班牙的传染病.
主要成果:
- 已广泛使用CMBD,有225项研究 (62.7%) 专注于传染病,特别是呼吸道,胃肠道/肝脏和疫苗可预防的感染.
- 大多数研究都是回顾性观察分析,地方研究集中在特定地区.
- 超过80%的确定的局限性源于内在的CMBD特征,包括不充分的临床细节,缺乏微生物学确认和编码不一致.
结论:
- 西班牙CMBD是西班牙医院传染病研究的基础资源,能够在国家层面进行强有力的分析.
- 数据颗粒度的固有局限性限制了病因特异性和因果推理.
- 对于数据验证策略和与补充数据源的链接至关重要,以克服CMBD限制.
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