提高青少年的疫苗知识:意大利南部的一项前后学校教育干预
Vincenza Sansone1, Gaia D'Antonio1, Grazia Miraglia Del Giudice2
1Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luciano Armanni 5, 80138 Naples, Italy.
一个以学校为基础的教育计划改善了青少年的疫苗知识,解决了解推疫苗和免疫机制的差距. 这种干预措施有望提高年轻人对疫苗的信心和接种率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 免疫学教育 免疫学教育
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 青少年疫苗接种覆盖率仍低于目标,需要提高疫苗知识.
- 青少年现有的知识缺口涉及疫苗机制和推免疫.
- 有效的教育策略对于提高这个年龄组对疫苗的理解至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估青少年的基线疫苗和免疫机制知识.
- 评估学校对疫苗接种知识的教育干预措施的有效性.
- 确定影响干预后知识得分的因素.
主要方法:
- 一项前性准实验性前后研究,涉及意大利南部386名青少年 (年龄14-19岁).
- 干预利用了e-Bug模块进行交互式课程,游戏化和由训练有素的护士领导的讨论.
- 通过干预前后调查问卷评估知识;使用对联t测试和多变量回归分析数据.
主要成果:
- 发现了基线知识缺口,特别是关于推的青少年疫苗 (37.4%) 和先天免疫 (25.6%).
- 干预后对7个知识项中的5个正确答案的显著改善 (p < 0.001),特别是针对特定年龄的疫苗 (61.2%的增长).
- 更高的干预前得分,父母的慢性疾病,父亲的就业和参与意愿预测了更高的干预后得分.
结论:
- 基于学校的教育干预措施可以有效地提高青少年的疫苗接种知识.
- 该e-Bug模块显示了提高对疫苗和免疫力的理解的潜力.
- 建议与对照组进行进一步的研究和长期随访,以确认持续的有效性.
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