成年人群中对呼吸道病原体的疫苗接种策略:叙述性审查
Laura E Sarabia1, Elizabeth Williams2, Kashmira Date2
1P95 Clinical and Epidemiology Services, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Vaccines
|February 26, 2026
概括
改善成人疫苗接种覆盖率对于预防呼吸道感染至关重要. 提供者推,可访问的接种场所和支持政策等策略可以显著提高成年人接种疫苗的速度.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 呼吸道感染对成年人,特别是老年人和有风险的人群构成重大健康风险.
- 尽管有疫苗,但预防性呼吸道疾病的成年人疫苗接种率仍然低于最佳水平.
- 需要有效的策略来提高成年人群的疫苗接种率.
研究的目的:
- 审查和分类旨在改善18岁及以上的非怀孕成年人接种疫苗的策略.
- 为未来成年人疫苗接种倡议的发展提供信息.
- 确定影响成年人接种疫苗的关键因素.
主要方法:
- 2014年至2024年间出版的文学作品的叙事综述.
- 在PubMed和CDC,WHO和ECDC网站上使用与疫苗接种,呼吸系统疾病和成人策略相关的关键词进行的搜索.
- 有关评论和参考文献的雪球搜索.
主要成果:
- 教育干预措施,包括提供者推和通过各种道进行宣传,增加了疫苗接种率.
- 通过方便的位置和财政援助改善接入对于服务不足的社区至关重要.
- 医疗保健系统的优化,提供者培训以及支持性的国家/地方政策增强了疫苗接种和运动的覆盖范围.
结论:
- 结合个人,医疗保健系统和政策干预的多方面的方法对于改善成年人疫苗接种覆盖率至关重要.
- 需要量身定制的策略来解决障碍,并提高不同成人群体的疫苗接种率.
- 调查结果为公共卫生从业者和政策制定者提供了可操作的见解,以设计有效的免疫计划.
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