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相关概念视频

Sampling Plans01:23

Sampling Plans

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Sampling is a crucial step in analytical chemistry, allowing researchers to collect representative data from a large population. Common sampling methods include random, judgmental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling.
Random sampling is a method where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. It involves selecting individuals randomly, often using random number generators or lottery-type methods. For example, when analyzing the properties of a...
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Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

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Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
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Sampling Methods: Overview01:06

Sampling Methods: Overview

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A sample refers to a smaller subset representative of a larger population. In analytical chemistry, studying or analyzing an entire population is often impractical or impossible. Therefore, samples are used to draw inferences and generalize the whole population. The sampling method selects individuals or items from a population to create a sample. Standard sampling methods include random, judgemental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling. 
In analytical chemistry, the choice of...
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The R Chart01:02

The R Chart

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In statistical process control, control charts, particularly R charts, are instrumental in monitoring process variations and identifying non-random patterns that run charts might miss. R charts track the variability within process subgroups, which is crucial when standard deviation use is impractical or unknown process variations exist.
R charts are pivotal for pinpointing shifts in process variability. Stability is indicated when all data points remain within the defined upper and lower...
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Interpreting R Charts01:22

Interpreting R Charts

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R chart, or range chart, is a fundamental tool in statistical process control used to monitor the variability within a process. It complements the X-bar (x̄) chart by focusing on the range of the data, rather than individual values, providing a clear picture of the process dispersion over time.
An R chart plots the range of subsets of measurements collected from a process. Each point on the chart represents the range—defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum...
390
Contaminants and Errors01:16

Contaminants and Errors

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Effective sample preparation is crucial for accurate and reliable laboratory analysis. During this process, two significant sources of error can arise: concentration bias from improper sample splitting and contamination caused by methods used to reduce particle size, such as grinding or homogenization. Identifying and minimizing these potential errors is crucial to ensuring the validity of the analysis.
Another key consideration is determining the appropriate number of samples required to...
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食品加工设施采样计划的风险效益分析,使用风险评估框架.

Leonardos Stathas1, József Baranyi2, Konstantinos Koutsoumanis1

  • 1Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece.

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概括

定量微生物风险评估 (QMRA) 显示,沙门氏菌spp. 在肉片中取样提供了最小的公共健康益处. 增加采样强度导致更高的成本和食物浪费,在现代设施中有效性有限.

关键词:
食品安全 食品安全食物浪费 食物浪费 食物浪费微生物学标准 微生物学标准一个健康的健康.禽类 禽类 禽类 是一种预测性微生物学 预测性微生物学定量微生物风险评估 (QMRA)沙门氏菌是一种沙门氏菌.可持续发展 可持续性 可持续性

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科学领域:

  • 食品安全微生物学 食品安全微生物学
  • 定量风险评估 定量风险评估
  • 公共卫生 公共卫生

背景情况:

  • 微生物采样计划对于确保食品安全至关重要,特别是对于像沙门氏菌等病原体. 在家禽产品中.
  • 目前欧盟在肉中的沙门氏菌采样标准可能无法与经济和环境影响保持最佳平衡.
  • 评估采样计划的多方面的影响需要综合模型.

研究的目的:

  • 开发和应用一个定量微生物风险评估 (QMRA) 模型来评估沙门氏菌. 在肉饼中采样计划.
  • 评估不同采样强度对公共健康,经济和环境的影响.
  • 为食品安全干预措施的风险-收益和可持续性评估提供框架.

主要方法:

  • 开发了一个农场到叉子的QMRA模型,包括生产,加工,储存,和消费阶段.
  • 一个采样算法模拟了根据当前的欧盟标准和替代强度进行批量级测试.
  • 剂量反应模型量化了预期的沙门氏菌病例,而经济和环境影响的计算基于测试成本,批量排斥和食品浪费.

主要成果:

  • 在评估的情景中,微生物采样只能在疾病风险上提供适度的降低.
  • 在实际采样范围 (n=0-10) 中观察到微不足道的风险降低,随着经济成本和食品浪费的增加.
  • 较高的采样水平 (n≥30) 与成本上升相比,对公共卫生的益处有限;有效性因系统污染水平而异.

结论:

  • 沙门氏菌种群的有效性. 在肉片中取样是取决于环境的,相对于成本而言,它对公共健康的益处有限.
  • 目前的采样策略可能不具有成本效益或环境可持续性,特别是在低污染系统中.
  • 建议在One Health框架内基于风险的优化,以实现更有效的食品安全决策.