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Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
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追踪分数知识的发展,使用适当的等级评估.

Isabella Starling-Alves1, Xiangyi Liao2, Qi Huang3

  • 1Department of Educational Psychology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, United States.

Journal of experimental child psychology
|February 26, 2026
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

分量知识是综合发展的,而不是严格地分为概念和程序技能. 新的评估显示,从二年级到三年级,以及从五年级到六年级的学习成果显著提高.

关键词:
发展发展发展 发展发展分数知识知识的分数.分数知识评估 分数知识评估.有理数的数是有理数的数.

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科学领域:

  • 认知发展 认知发展
  • 教育心理学教育心理学
  • 数学教育教育 数学教育

背景情况:

  • 分数知识对于数学成绩至关重要.
  • 讨论了它的发展轨迹以及概念和程序理解之间的区别.
  • 现有的措施缺乏跨年级的心理测量验证.

研究的目的:

  • 开发和评估2年级,3年级,5年级和6年级的特定分数知识评估 (FKA).
  • 检查在相邻等级过渡的分数知识的变化.
  • 调查概念和程序分数知识之间的关系.

主要方法:

  • 一个加速的纵向设计,有342名儿童在两个队伍 (2-3年级和5-6年级).
  • 在两年的时间里,与年级相应的FKA一起进行标准化数学和认知测试.
  • 确认因素分析和项目响应理论用于心理测量评估和交叉等级等级.

主要成果:

  • 没有强有力的证据表明概念和程序分数知识之间有明确的分离;模型显示了可比的合适性.
  • 观察到的发育转变:大小项目在早期年级更具歧视性,算术项目在后期年级更具歧视性.
  • 两个群体都有显著的学习收益,从二年级到三年级的进步大于从五年级到六年级的进步.

结论:

  • 分数知识的发展似乎是综合的,挑战严格的概念和程序区别.
  • 心理测量相关的,与年级相适应的评估对于跟踪发育变化是有价值的.
  • 早期的数学成就和工作记忆预测了以后的分数知识.