生命早期的抗生素暴露和进入新生儿推单元的入院时肠道细菌的肠道殖民:一个病例对照研究
Sergio Agudelo-Pérez1, Gloria Troncoso2, Martha Alvarez-Olmos3
1School of Medicine, Pediatrics Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 250008, Colombia.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 27, 2026
概括
以前接触过抗生素,特别是WHO AWaRe Access抗生素,强烈预测转移新生儿的多抗药性肠道细菌的肠道殖民. 这凸显了需要更好的抗菌药物管理和新生儿病房的查.
科学领域:
- 新生儿医学 新生儿医学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 抗微生物耐药性 抗微生物耐药性
背景情况:
- 由Enterobacteriaceae的肠道殖民,包括ESBL-E和E-CPE等多药耐药菌株,是新生儿感染风险的关键早期指标.
- 从复杂性较低的医院转移到转诊单位的新生儿特别容易感染这些耐药生物.
- 了解与殖民相关的因素对于制定有效的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在哥伦比亚的IV级新生儿转诊单位接受的新生儿中识别与肠道Enterobacteriaceae殖民相关的因素.
- 专门调查先前暴露于抗生素,包括世卫组织AWaRe分类,对殖民风险的影响.
- 分析与扩展光谱β-乳糖酶 (ESBL-E) 和卡巴酶 (E-CPE) 产生的Enterobacteriaceae菌群殖民相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 追溯病例控制研究,涉及435名转诊新生儿,在入院时通过直肠拭子进行查.
- 病例是新生儿被Enterobacteriaceae殖民;对照组没有被殖民.
- 多变量后勤回归分析了殖民和先前使用抗生素 (总体,剂量,AWaRe分类) 之间的关联,住院时间,中央导管的使用,以及总体肠道营养.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,所指的新生儿中有20.0% (87/435) 被殖民,其中*Klebsiella pneumoniae*和*Escherichia coli*占主导地位.
- 以前使用抗生素 (aOR 3.01),接触两种药物 (aOR 4.13) 和使用AWaRe Access抗生素 (aOR 22.2) 与殖民性有很强的关联.
- AWaRe Access,Watch和Reserve抗生素被独立地与ESBL-E和E-CPE的殖民化联系在一起.
结论:
- 以前接触过抗生素,特别是世卫组织AWaRe分类的药物,是转移新生儿肠道肠道细菌菌殖民的最重要因素.
- 加强转诊机构的抗菌药物管理计划对于减轻多药耐药生物体的传播至关重要.
- 在入院时实施基于风险的查协议可以帮助降低殖民率和随后的感染.
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