疫情和后疫情期间的病因模式和医疗保健相关感染的演变:来自罗马尼亚东南部的县级多中心研究
Corina Voinea1,2, Elena Mocanu3, Elena Dantes1,4,5
1Doctoral School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 1 University Alley, Campus-Corp B, 900470 Constanta, Romania.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 27, 2026
概括
与医疗保健相关的感染 (HAI) 仍然是一个重大威胁,随着Clostridioides difficile感染在流行后的增加. 在大流行期间,死亡率更高,强调需要改善感染控制.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 医疗相关感染 (HAI) 对发病率,死亡率和医疗保健系统构成重大负担.
- 随着COVID-19大流行,通过患者群体,护理和抗生素使用的变化,HAI模式发生了重大变化.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较罗马尼亚东南部的流行病学,病因学,风险因素和HAI在流行病期间和流行病后的结果.
- 专门分析Clostridioides difficile感染 (CDI),多药耐药 (MDR) 病原体和住院死亡率的趋势.
主要方法:
- 在罗马尼亚东南部10家医院 (2020年3月至2024年12月) 进行了3929名确诊的HAI患者的回顾性观察研究.
- 数据分为流行病 (2020年3月-2022年3月) 和流行病后 (2022年4月-2024年12月) 期间.
- 分析包括使用统计测试和多变量模型的社会人口统计,临床,病房,治疗和微生物学变量.
主要成果:
- 主要受到影响的是住院时间较长的老年患者 (平均年龄67岁).
- 困难菌感染 (CDI) 是主要的HAI,流行后的流行率更高.
- 疫情期间的死亡率较高,流行后的死亡与HAI相关的频率较低.
结论:
- 罗马尼亚东南部仍然存在大量的HAI负担,特别影响医疗和重症监护病房的老年患者.
- 流行后的CDI增加与抗生素使用和免疫抑制有关.
- 加强抗微生物药物管理和预防感染至关重要,鉴于目前的HAI挑战和不断变化的死亡率模式.
相关概念视频
01:26Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic
6.0K
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies.
6.0K
01:22Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
4.4K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
4.4K
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
14.2K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
14.2K
01:20Infection
13.1K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
13.1K
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
1.1K
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
1.1K
01:18Steps in Outbreak Investigation
644
In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
644