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Wei Yang¹, Yuchi Duan², Tong Zhou²

¹National Engineering Research Center for Inland Waterway Regulation, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ecological Waterway, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400044, China.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

|February 27, 2026

概括

水下噪音污染会导致斑马鱼的焦虑行为和神经内分泌干扰. 夜间噪音暴露对两性,特别是女性的行为和压力反应产生了更大的影响.

科学领域:

环境毒理学环境毒理学
鱼类生态毒理学鱼类生态毒理学
神经内分泌学神经内分泌学

背景情况:

人类活动造成的水下噪音污染是一个日益严重的环境问题.
这种噪音对鱼类行为和生理学的影响尚不清楚.
斑马鱼 (Danio rerio) 是研究由于保存途径而导致的应激反应的合适模型.

研究的目的:

调查白天和夜间水下噪声暴露对斑马鱼行为和生理学的差异影响.
为了检查性别特异性对噪音引起的焦虑和神经内分泌干扰的反应.
阐明噪声对水生物种影响的机械基础.

主要方法:

成年斑马鱼在白天或夜晚的七天内暴露在人为噪音 (100-1000 Hz,130 dB) 中.
进行了行为分析,以评估类似焦虑的行为,如区域偏好和探索.
生理学分析包括测量血皮质醇水平和下丘脑-垂体-上腺 (HPI) 轴的基因表达,以及神经递质概况 (5-三胺 (5-HT) 和多巴胺 (DA)).

主要成果:

暴露于夜间噪音导致长时间的底部居住和减少两性探索行为.
雌性在白天暴露于噪音的过程中显示出延迟进入顶部区域.
女性表现出高血皮质醇和高调的HPI轴基因;男性表现出大脑5-HT的增加和DA的减少,而女性表现出5-HT的非显著趋势.
噪音暴露破坏了5-HT和DA通路,表明性别特异的神经内分泌反应.

结论:

水下噪音污染通过调节内分泌和神经递质系统,诱导斑马鱼的焦虑行为.
与白天暴露相比,夜间噪音暴露对行为和生理有更明显的影响.
慢性人为噪音可能会损害水生生物的自然行为和压力调节,特别是在夜间.

关键词:

在HPI轴上.类似焦虑的行为.神经传递的神经传递水下噪音是什么?水下噪音是什么?斑马鱼是一种斑马鱼.

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