用免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的患者的癌症相关血栓形成
Alice Ilari1,2, Maria Ida Abbate1, Melina Verso3
1Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy.
International journal of molecular sciences
|February 27, 2026
概括
与癌症相关的血栓形成 (CAT) 风险正在上升. 本综述探讨了免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 和VTE之间的联系,讨论了癌症患者预防的机制和潜在生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
背景情况:
- 癌症相关血栓瘤 (CAT) 的发生率正在增加.
- 静脉血栓栓塞 (VTE) 和化疗之间的联系已经确立,但与免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 的关联尚不清楚.
- 目前存在的VTE预防风险评估模型 (RAM) 主要用于化疗,而不是免疫疗法.
研究的目的:
- 调查CAT和免疫治疗之间的潜在因果关系.
- 阐明关联ICI与血栓形成的潜在病理生理机制.
- 在接受免疫治疗的患者中建议VTE预防的适当治疗方法.
主要方法:
- 关于癌症相关血栓瘤和免疫治疗研究的文献综述.
- 分析ICI相关血栓形成的可能病理生理机制.
- 对当前风险评估模型和新兴生物标志物的评估.
主要成果:
- 虽然化疗是已知的VTE风险因素,但ICI和VTE风险之间的关系需要进一步调查.
- 与ICI相关的血栓形成的建议机制包括炎症,细胞因子释放,免疫细胞激活,组织因子释放,血小板激活和粘附分子增加.
- 新兴的生物标志物对识别需要在免疫疗法期间进行静脉瘤预防的高风险患者有希望.
结论:
- 将ICI与血栓形成的确切机制仍在调查中.
- 需要进一步的研究来验证VTE风险评估的RAM和生物标志物在接受免疫治疗的患者中.
- 在接受免疫治疗的癌症患者中,可能需要个性化预防策略.
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