肠道微生物组调解自闭症谱系障碍与饮食偏好之间的因果关系:孟德尔随机化研究
Yuqi Wu1,2, Oscar W H Wong3,4, Sizhe Chen1,2
1Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
International journal of molecular sciences
|February 27, 2026
概括
自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 与特定的食物偏好有关,特别是高脂肪/盐的食物. 肠道细菌起着关键的作用,这表明了潜在的基于微生物组的治疗方法,用于ASD的饮食行为.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 经常伴有营养不良和肠道失调,但机制尚不清楚.
- 了解ASD,饮食和肠道微生物群之间的相互作用对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
- 以前的研究还没有完全阐明遗传易受ASD,饮食模式和肠道微生物组成之间的因果关系.
研究的目的:
- 分析与非ASD个体相比,ASD个体的饮食摄入量差异.
- 使用双向门德尔随机化方法,研究对ASD遗传易感性和饮食偏好之间的因果关系.
- 确定与ASD相关的肠道微生物种类,并评估肠道微生物群在与ASD相关的饮食偏好中的调解作用.
主要方法:
- 在英国生物库中,对210,874名参与者的饮食记录进行了横截面分析 (232名患有自闭症).
- 双向门德尔随机化 (MR) 利用来自iPSYCH-PGC (ASD) 和英国生物库 (饮食特征) 的全基因组关联数据.
- 调解分析以评估肠道微生物群在ASD和饮食偏好之间的关联中的作用.
主要成果:
- 患有自闭症的人消费奶酪,加工肉和油性鱼类较多,水果摄入量较低,喜欢高脂肪/盐和能量密集的食物.
- 特定的肠道细菌*Turicibacter*, *Streptococcus*和 *Lachnospiraceae NK4A136*的消耗与ASD有因果关系 (FDR <0.05).
- 肠道微生物群显著调解了ASD与偏爱高脂肪/盐食物之间的关联.
结论:
- 自闭症与明显的饮食偏好有关,其特点是增加某些加工食品的摄入量,并偏好高脂肪/盐的选择.
- 肠道微生物组似乎调解了自闭症症和特定饮食行为之间的关系,特别是对高脂肪/盐食物的偏好.
- 准肠道微生物组可能为治疗饮食障碍和改变自闭症患者的饮食习惯提供了一条新的治疗途径.
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