下肢生物机械适应运动诱导的疲劳在运行过程中:一个系统的审查受伤相关的机械变化
Prashant Kumar Choudhary1, Suchishrava Choudhary1, Sohom Saha2
1Department of Physical Education Pedagogy, Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education, Gwalior 474002, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 27, 2026
概括
运动引起的疲劳会改变跑步的生物力学,增加受伤的风险. 了解这些变化是防止跑步者过度使用和非接触性伤害的关键.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 运动引起的疲劳显著影响跑步表现和训练.
- 疲劳与运动机制的改变以及跑步受伤的风险更高有关.
- 现有的关于疲劳生物力学影响的研究是分散在不同的领域和方法.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查当前关于疲劳如何影响跑步时下肢生物力学的证据.
- 分析这些疲劳诱导的生物力学适应的潜在损伤相关性.
主要方法:
- 进行了系统的文献搜索 (PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science) 针对2010-2025年的研究.
- 包括与人类跑步者的研究,明确的疲劳方案和定量下肢生物力学数据.
- 使用Cochrane风险偏见2工具评估方法质量,并由于异质性,以叙述方式综合发现.
主要成果:
- 24项研究显示,与疲劳相关的运行生物力学变化是一致的.
- 关键的变化包括增加地面接触时间,减少脚功率,增加膝盖/部负荷,以及更大的运动变化.
- 这些适应表明效率下降和负载的近似转移,在实验室和现实环境中观察到.
结论:
- 运动引起的疲劳会导致下肢跑步生物力学的系统性,损伤相关的变化.
- 这些适应可能会危及长期的关节健康,增加过度使用伤害的易感性.
- 将疲劳管理整合到训练和负载管理中,对于预防伤害至关重要.
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