父亲年龄在辅助生殖中的临床影响:整合精子表观遗传证据
Dimitrios Diamantidis1, Konstantinos Nikolettos2, Nektaria Kritsotaki3
1Department of Urology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Journal of clinical medicine
|February 27, 2026
概括
先进的父亲年龄对辅助生殖结果的影响最小,母亲年龄是主要因素. 虽然发生精子表观基因组变化,但它们在早期胚胎发育中的临床意义是温和的.
科学领域:
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 辅助生殖技术 (ART) 是一种辅助生殖技术.
背景情况:
- 父母身份越来越多地被推迟,导致在辅助生殖中父亲的年龄增加.
- 父亲年龄 (大约40-45岁及以上) 对胚胎发育和ART结果的临床影响需要澄清,特别是关于精子表观基因组.
研究的目的:
- 审查关于精子衰老生物学及其对辅助生殖结果的潜在影响的证据.
- 评估父亲年龄对胚胎发育和临床结果的影响程度,考虑到精子表观基因组的改变.
主要方法:
- 进行了PubMed索引文献的叙事审查.
- 证据合成的重点是精子衰老标记:DNA甲基化,染色质包装,非编码RNA,端粒,DNA碎片化,氧化应激和线粒体因素.
主要成果:
- 孕产妇的年龄是胚胎无化的主要驱动因素;在调整后,孕产妇的年龄对受精和胚胎细胞形成的影响很小或无法检测到.
- 非常晚的父亲年龄 (≥50岁) 可能与更高的流产率和更低的活产率有关,但不总是与早期胚胎形态的改变有关.
- 精子衰老与增加的DNA碎片化,氧化压力和表观遗传变化 (DNA甲基化,基因质保留,小RNAs) 相关,这表明了适度的代际影响.
结论:
- 先进的父亲年龄是风险修饰因素,而不是ART的植入前失败的主要原因.
- 咨询应突出母亲年龄的主导作用和父亲年龄的现实效应大小.
- 建议在实验室工作流程中尽量减少氧化应激;对于特定的临床场景,DNA碎片化测试和精子表观基因组测试仍在研究中.
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