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Updated: Feb 28, 2026

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吸烟对家庭SARS-CoV-2传播的影响
Jèssica Pardos-Plaza1,2, Iván Martínez-Baz3,4, Diana Toledo4,5
1Escola de Doctorat, Universitat de Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 27, 2026
概括
家庭吸烟显著增加了接触者的SARS-CoV-2感染风险. 指数病例疫苗接种和先前接触感染减少了传播,而年龄较大也会增加风险.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 家庭严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 传播中吸烟的作用仍在争论中.
- 了解家庭内传播的风险因素对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查吸烟对SARS-CoV-2指数病例和家庭内传播的影响.
- 分析家庭成员吸烟状况与SARS-CoV-2感染风险之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究,涉及227个SARS-CoV-2指数病例和332个家庭接触者.
- 在接触者中使用快速抗原和聚合酶连锁反应试验证实了SARS-CoV-2感染.
- 使用后勤回归分析计算风险因素调整的几率比率 (aOR),对年龄,疫苗接种和先前感染进行控制.
主要成果:
- 在接触者中,SARS-CoV-2感染的累积发病率为38.6%.
- 家庭接触者吸烟 (aOR=2.09) 和65岁以上的年龄 (aOR=5.13) 与感染风险增加有显著的关联.
- 指数病例疫苗接种 (aOR = 0.27) 和接触者先前感染 (aOR = 0.49) 与传播概率降低有关.
结论:
- 同居者之间的吸烟和老年 (≥65岁) 被确定为家庭内SARS-CoV-2感染的重要风险因素.
- 指数病例的疫苗接种和家庭接触者的先前感染是防止家庭内传播的保护因素.
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