坚持地中海饮食和饮食摄入量:对流行病学证据的叙述性审查
Lanfranco D'Elia1,2, Saverio Stranges1,3,4,5, Francesco P Cappuccio6,7
1Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, "Federico II" University of Naples Medical School, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Nutrients
|February 27, 2026
概括
较高的地中海饮食模式 (MDP) 坚持通常与增加摄入量相关. 然而,评估方法和研究设计影响这些发现,需要进一步的强有力的研究.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 饮食流行病学 饮食流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 地中海饮食模式 (MDP) 是预防非传染性疾病 (NCD) 的成熟模式.
- 它的丰富植物性质表明含量很高,但关于MDP坚持和摄入量的研究显示出混合的结果.
- 现有的关于成年人这种关联的证据需要进行批判性评估.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析检查地中海饮食模式的坚持和成年人饮食摄入量之间的关系的研究.
- 批判性地评估有关MDP和消耗的发现中的异质性.
主要方法:
- 进行了观察性,纵向性和干预性研究的叙述性审查.
- 搜索了MEDLINE/PubMed,并选了相关文献的参考列表,直到2025年10月.
- 包括通过自我报告或24小时尿路度评估MDP坚持和的研究.
主要成果:
- 综合了来自欧洲,亚洲和北美的10项研究 (7项截面研究,1项纵向研究,2项RCT).
- 基于问卷的研究始终显示,高摄入量与更高的MDP坚持.
- 基于生物标志物的结果是可变的,经常减弱,对评估方法和样本选择存在担忧.
结论:
- 更多地遵守地中海饮食模式通常与更高的摄入量有关,尽管结果因MDP定义,评估方法和人口而异.
- 目前的证据不足以最终量化作为调解者的作用,没有先进的分析和验证的暴露评估.
- 标准化评分,报告//Na-K比率以及三角证据对更强有力的结论至关重要.
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