与免疫检查点抑制剂相关的免疫相关不良事件:一个范围审查
Costanza Tacchi1, Irma Convertino2,3, Guido Bocci1
1Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 27, 2026
概括
免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 可以在不同癌症中引起各种与免疫相关的不良事件 (irAEs). 本综述使用现实数据确定了irAE管理中的模式和知识差距.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 药物监督 药物监督 药物监督
- 现实世界的证据.
背景情况:
- 与免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 相关的免疫相关不良事件 (irAEs) 在现实数据中表现出显著的异质性.
- 识别irAEs的模式,知识差距和研究优先事项对于改善患者的治疗结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在肺癌,黑色素瘤,乳腺癌和结肠癌中评估ICI的标记iRAE.
- 在现实研究中评估irAEs的发病率,临床特征,管理和结果.
主要方法:
- 评估监管机构数据 (FDA,EMA) 标记与ICI相关的irAEs.
- 进行了PubMed的观察性研究和目标试验模拟研究的PRISMA指导范围审查.
- 包括使用管理医疗数据库 (AHD) 和自发报告系统 (SRS) 获取irAE数据的研究.
主要成果:
- ICI组合治疗与增加的irAE发生有关,并揭示了机构间的差异.
- 包括49项观察性研究; pembrolizumab和nivolumab是最被评估的.
- 大多数报告的irrAEs包括下呼吸道疾病 (SRS) 和表皮/皮肤疾病 (AHD).
- 确定了关于生存分析,脱挑战/再挑战,并发疗法,并发症,发病时间和irAEs持续时间的重大数据缺口.
结论:
- 这一范围审查强调了由ICI诱导的irAEs的复杂,多器官性质.
- 对于IRAE来说,有必要制定量身定制的监测和管理策略,将监管和现实世界的证据整合起来.
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