人工智能对整个生命周期和决策类型的药物安全:一个范围审查
Tae Woo Kim1, Sihyeon Park1, Miryoung Kim2
1College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 27, 2026
概括
人工智能 (AI) 显示出对药物安全的承诺,特别是在风险预测和监测方面. 然而,它在药物生命周期中的应用是不均的,有限的现实世界测试阻碍了临床采用.
科学领域:
- 药物监督和药物安全研究.
- 人工智能在医学中的应用.
- 卫生信息学和数据科学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地用于药物安全性评估,但其应用在不同阶段和任务中分散.
- 现有的研究缺乏对人工智能在整个药物生命周期中药物安全决策中的作用的全面概述.
- 了解AI模型的评估策略对于它们可靠的临床和监管使用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 绘制AI在整个药物生命周期中支持安全和治疗决策中的应用.
- 检查用于评估AI模型临床和监管目的可靠性的评估策略.
- 识别用于药物安全和治疗优化的人工智能利用的模式和差距.
主要方法:
- 使用Arksey和O'Malley框架进行了范围审查.
- 在一个主要的数据库中搜索了过去十年关于AI/机器学习在药物安全或药物决策方面的研究.
- 提取生命周期阶段,决策类型,人工智能方法,数据源和评估策略的数据,构建生命周期决策矩阵.
主要成果:
- 人工智能应用集中在患者级安全预测 (临床护理) 和安全监测 (营销后),利用电子健康记录,自发报告系统和临床文本.
- 常见的AI方法包括梯度增强,深度神经网络,图形神经网络和自然语言处理.
- 人工智能在治疗优化和监管决策建模方面的证据有限;大多数研究依赖内部验证,外部验证和现实世界的部署是不常见的.
结论:
- 人工智能具有提高药物安全的巨大潜力,特别是在风险预测和药物监管方面.
- 药物生命周期的不均应用和有限的外部验证/现实世界的测试阻碍了广泛的临床和监管采用.
- 人工智能对药物安全性的进一步进展需要强大的外部验证和现实世界的测试,以弥合转化差距.
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