在高噪音下轻量级变速箱故障诊断基于改进的多尺度深度可分离卷积和高效的频道注意力
Xiubin Liu1, Wei Li1,2, Haoming Li1
1National Research Center of Pumps, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 27, 2026
概括
本研究介绍了一种轻量级变速箱故障诊断模型 (DSMC-ECA),可以有效地从噪音振动信号中提取弱故障特征. 该模型即使在具有挑战性的噪音条件下也能实现高诊断精度,为工业应用提供了高效的解决方案.
科学领域:
- 机械工程 机械工程
- 信号处理 信号处理
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 变速箱故障诊断受到从噪音振动信号和低效的多尺度建模中提取弱故障特征的阻碍.
- 现有的方法在不同的噪音水平和有限的计算资源中难以实现诊断稳定性.
研究的目的:
- 为在强噪声条件下运行的变速箱提出一个轻量级和高效的故障诊断模型 (DSMC-ECA).
- 为了增强与故障相关的特征的提取,并提高诊断稳定性,尽管有显著的噪声干扰.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种双分支架构,集成了改进的多尺度深度可分离卷积 (SMC和SMDC分支) 来进行特征提取.
- 集成的高效通道注意力 (ECA) 用于通道智能重新校准,强调故障特征和抑制噪声.
- 拟议的DSMC-ECA模型在计算上高效,具有0.204M的参数和10.037M的FLOP.
主要成果:
- 与基线方法相比,DSMC-ECA在广泛的信号噪声比率 (-6 dB到无噪声) 中表现出更高的性能.
- 在XJTU数据集上达到95.11%的最高平均诊断准确率,在SEU数据集上达到86.84%的最高平均诊断准确率,SNR为-6 dB.
- 该模型在诊断性能和计算效率之间提供了有利的权衡.
结论:
- 拟议的DSMC-ECA模型有效地解决了变速箱故障诊断在强噪声环境中的挑战.
- 它的轻量级设计和强大的特征提取能力使其适合于资源有限的实用工业应用.
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