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相关概念视频

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

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The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
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Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes

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The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization
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通过单阶段链末功能化聚乙烯连续流入聚乙烯-聚块共聚合物的获取.

Stephen Don Sarkar1, Eva Harth1

  • 1Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States.

JACS Au
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PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

本研究介绍了一种连续流的方法,用于合成极性聚乙烯-块-聚共聚合物. 该过程使用一种新型的复合物来制造功能化的聚乙烯,然后启动环开放聚合以形成块共聚合物.

关键词:
连续流的连续流.协调-插入聚合聚合.聚乙烯聚乙烯的使用情况.环开放聚合的聚合方式

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科学领域:

  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.

背景情况:

  • 在连续流中合成极性多聚烯块共聚合物,由于单体选择性要求,存在挑战.
  • 现有的方法往往涉及复杂的,多步骤的后聚合过程.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一个精简的连续流策略,用于生产极性聚乙烯-块-聚二块共聚合物.
  • 为了利用单链末端功能化的聚乙烯作为环开放聚合物的宏启动器.

主要方法:

  • 一种2-乙烯烯酸盐 (HEA) 化二胺Pd(II) 复合物被用于生物协调插入聚合 (CIP) 合成聚乙烯-HEA (PE-HEA).
  • 合成的PE-HEA宏发起器在一个单独的流系统中经过环开放聚合 (ROP),形成PE-b-聚块共聚合物.
  • 该过程将两个不同的活体聚合技术相结合,逐步在流系统中进行.

主要成果:

  • 在广泛的分子量范围 (5.5038.94 kg/mol) 中实现了低分散度 (∼1.10) 的链末功能化PE的受控合成.
  • 成功聚合的聚--瓦莱洛拉克 (PVL) 具有受控的分子量 (1.87.44 kg/mol) 和狭窄的分散度 (∼1.06).
  • 制造了各种极性-PE块共聚合物 (PE-b-PVL),具有扩展的PVL和聚化物 (PLA) 分段.

结论:

  • 开发的连续流策略简化了功能化聚乙烯宏观发起者的准备.
  • 这种方法可以通过ROP直接链延伸,有效地形成极性-PE块共聚合物.
  • 该方法避免了多步后聚合,为功能区块共聚合物提供了可控和高效的途径.